Chromatography Techniques Quiz

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What is the primary difference between liquid chromatography and gas chromatography?

Gas chromatography is more expensive than liquid chromatography.

Liquid chromatography is used for chemical analysis, while gas chromatography is used for environmental testing.

The stationary phase is contained in a column in gas chromatography, while it can be in a column or on a plane in liquid chromatography. (correct)

Gas chromatography is more precise and accurate than liquid chromatography.

Which of the following is NOT a factor to consider when choosing an analytical method?

The expected concentration range of the sample

The cost of the assay and the entire analysis

The color of the sample (correct)

The type of readily available instrument

What is the most popular category of columnar liquid chromatography for chemical analysis?

Ion exchange chromatography

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (correct)

Thin-layer chromatography

Size exclusion chromatography

Which of the following is NOT listed as a potential application of chemical analysis?

Material science research Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a mobile phase in chromatography?

To carry the sample through the stationary phase Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most important factor to consider when choosing an analytical method?

The required precision and accuracy of the assays Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a signal source discussed in the text?

Laser Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the flame in flame atomic emission spectroscopy?

To dissolve and evaporate the sample, creating free atoms for spectroscopic examination Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about plasma is NOT true according to the text?

Plasma has a lower atomization efficiency compared to a flame Signup and view all the answers

Which type of plasma is described as the most important in the text?

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the burner head in flame atomic emission spectroscopy?

To introduce the sample into the flame Signup and view all the answers

How are arc and spark sources generated according to the text?

By flowing between two electrodes Signup and view all the answers

What type of plasma is used in Direct Current Plasma (DCP) atomic emission spectroscopy?

Direct current plasma Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the DCP instrument acts as a sample cell?

Cup-shaped graphite electrode Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of nebulization in DCP atomic emission spectroscopy?

To convert the liquid sample into an aerosol Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of sample preparation method mentioned in the text?

Nebulization Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a monochromator in DCP atomic emission spectroscopy?

To choose the specific radiation emitted by the analyte and remove unwanted radiations Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nebulizers is NOT mentioned in the text?

Electrostatic nebulizer Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that occurs simultaneously during a fluorescence measurement?

Activation and deactivation Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship used to calculate the concentration from the intensity of fluorescence?

Beer-Lambert law Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fluorescence transition is most intense and useful for analytical determinations?

Resonance fluorescence Signup and view all the answers

In resonance fluorescence, how does the wavelength of emitted radiation compare to the absorbed radiation?

The wavelength of emitted radiation is equal to the wavelength of absorbed radiation Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a sample is introduced into a flame or other radiation source?

It absorbs photons and gets excited to a higher energy level Signup and view all the answers

What happens to atoms in an excited state?

They return to the ground state by emitting a photon Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle shared by all spectroscopic techniques?

To shine a beam of electromagnetic radiation onto a sample and observe how it responds Signup and view all the answers

When did the history of spectroscopy begin?

In 1666-1672 Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of Joseph von Fraunhofer's experimental advances with dispersive spectrometers?

To make spectroscopy a more precise and quantitative scientific technique Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using spectroscopy as a tool?

To study the structures of atoms and molecules Signup and view all the answers

What did Isaac Newton apply the word to describe?

The rainbow of colors that combine to form white light Signup and view all the answers

What is the electromagnetic spectrum?

The range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation and their respective wavelengths and photon energies Signup and view all the answers