Chromatography Techniques Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the stationary phase in planar chromatography placed on?

  • A plane surface (correct)
  • A narrow tube
  • A round surface
  • A cylindrical tube

In which technique did Mikhail Tswett introduce column chromatography?

  • GC
  • Paper chromatography (correct)
  • HPLC
  • TLC

Which type of stationary phase is best suited for non-polar analytes?

  • Polar stationary phases
  • Stationary phases with capillary action
  • Stationary phases with high pressure
  • Non-polar stationary phases (correct)

What is the basis of all chromatographic methods according to the text?

<p>The distribution of a component between two immiscible phases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In planar chromatography, how does the mobile phase move through the stationary phase?

<p>By capillary action or under the influence of gravity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Mikhail Tswett separate using column chromatography?

<p>Plant pigments such as chlorophylls and xanthophylls (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of the distribution coefficient DA?

<p>The ratio of the concentration of a substance between mobile and stationary phases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parameter is sometimes referred to as dead time in chromatography?

<p>tM (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of substances with high distribution coefficient DA?

<p>They are retained more strongly by the stationary phase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which time is defined as the time for solutes not to move along the column?

<p>tS (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the hold-up time tM represent in chromatography?

<p>Time for non-retained analytes to move (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the distribution coefficient DA related to substance retention in chromatography?

<p>High DA leads to strong retention by the stationary phase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In ion-exchange chromatography, what is covalently attached to the stationary solid phase?

<p>Anion or cation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mobile phase in partition chromatography?

<p>Gas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chromatography technique separates molecules by size?

<p>Molecular Exclusion Chromatography (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to solute molecules in a chromatographic column as the mobile phase moves?

<p>They separate and become distributed between phases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of retention parameters in chromatographic methods?

<p>To maintain a dynamic equilibrium for analytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is typically the inside of the silica chromatography column in gas chromatography?

<p>High-boiling liquid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Van Deemter propose in 1956?

<p>An equation describing factors affecting band broadening in chromatographic separation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Van Deemter equation describe?

<p>The factors affecting band broadening in chromatographic separation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Term A in the Van Deemter equation describe?

<p>Eddy diffusion, also known as the packing factor. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do non-retained solutes face multiple pathways during travel via the column?

<p>As a result of facing particles of the stationary phase and moving around them. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason for peak broadening in chromatography?

<p>The always-flowing mobile phase in a chromatographic column. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Eddy diffusion, also known as?

<p>Packing factor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term related to resistance to mass transfer in the mobile phase?

<p>Term C: Resistance to mass transfer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What represents a function of the retention factor in Equation 2.14?

<p>f (k´) is a constant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term emanates from mass transfer in the mobile phase?

<p>Cu (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of diffusion describes the transfer process between the mobile and stationary phases?

<p>Longitudinal diffusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Term A, Eddy diffusion, refer to in chromatography?

<p>Flow direction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of chromatography, what does Term B represent?

<p>Longitudinal diffusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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