CHNOPS and Macromolecules Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What are the 6 most important elements?

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur (correct)

Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, Radon

Sodium, Calcium, Chlorine, Magnesium, Iron, Zinc

Gold, Silver, Copper, Iron, Lead, Mercury

What are the 4 macromolecules?

Fats, Oils, Waxes, Glycogen

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids (correct)

Glucose, Fructose, Sucrose, Lactose

Vitamins, Minerals, Proteins, Carbohydrates

What elements are found in carbohydrates?

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

What elements are found in lipids?

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What elements are found in proteins?

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur Signup and view all the answers

What elements make up nucleic acids?

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus Signup and view all the answers

What does monosaccharide mean?

One sugar Signup and view all the answers

Which macromolecule has a fatty acid tail?

Lipids Signup and view all the answers

Which macromolecule is a mono, di, or polysaccharide?

Carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

What macromolecule is DNA and RNA?

Nucleic Acids Signup and view all the answers

What macromolecule is found in potatoes, pasta, and rice?

Carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

What macromolecule doesn't mix with water?

Lipids Signup and view all the answers

What do carbohydrates contain?

C, H, O Signup and view all the answers

What do proteins have?

Nitrogen and sulfur with C, H, O Signup and view all the answers

What macromolecule makes up the cell membrane?

Lipids Signup and view all the answers

What macromolecule is used for short-term energy?

Carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

What do proteins function in?

Found in hormones and structure Signup and view all the answers

What do nucleic acids contain?

Phosphate, C, H, O, N Signup and view all the answers

What do lipids have?

Cholesterol, Testosterone Signup and view all the answers

What macromolecule provides short-term energy?

Carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

What macromolecule is used for long-term energy storage?

Lipids Signup and view all the answers

What do lipids do?

Insulate body/keep warm Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of lipids?

Oils, Waxes, Blubber, Butter Signup and view all the answers

What macromolecule is in a form of a circle?

Carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Essential Elements (CHNOPS)

Key elements vital for life: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur
These elements are fundamental in constructing biological macromolecules.

Macromolecules Overview

Four primary macromolecules: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
These molecules play crucial roles in structural and functional processes in living organisms.

Carbohydrates

Composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
Includes mono-, di-, and polysaccharides.
Functions include short-term energy storage (e.g., in potatoes, pasta, and rice).
Often represented in a cyclical form.

Lipids

Made of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen; non-polar and do not mix with water
Fatty acid tails characterize lipids, essential components of cell membranes.
Serve multiple functions: long-term energy storage, insulation, and protection.
Include substances like oils, waxes, blubber, and butter.
Examples include cholesterol and testosterone.

Proteins

Composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Sulfur
Play critical roles in hormones, structural support, and catalyzing biochemical reactions.

Nucleic Acids

Contain Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus
Key macromolecules include DNA and RNA, central to genetic information storage and transfer.

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Description

Test your knowledge on CHNOPS elements and macromolecules with these flashcards. This quiz covers essential biological components including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of basic biochemistry.