Chlorella and Photosynthesis Concepts
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Questions and Answers

What effect does low light intensity have on the rate of respiration in plants?

  • It increases the rate of respiration. (correct)
  • It makes the rate of respiration equal to photosynthesis.
  • It decreases the rate of respiration.
  • It has no effect on the rate of respiration.

    • When light intensity is low, what is the relationship between the rates of photosynthesis and respiration?

  • Respiration rate is higher than photosynthesis. (correct)
  • Both rates are significantly low.
  • Photosynthesis and respiration rates are equal.
  • Photosynthesis rate is higher than respiration.

    • What should candidates do when explaining data related to photosynthesis and respiration?

  • Provide only numerical data.
  • Explain how light intensity affects the rates. (correct)
  • Only describe the data.
  • Compare the rates without additional context.

    • What happens to the rate of oxygen production as light intensity increases?

    <p>It increases until limited by other factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What limitation did some candidates incorrectly identify at 55 arbitrary units of light?

    <p>They indicated that light becomes a limiting factor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At 10 arbitrary units of light, what occurs with photosynthesis and respiration rates?

    <p>Both rates equal each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common mistake did candidates make when asked to explain rather than describe data?

    <p>They only restated the observations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for limiting the rate of photosynthesis beyond 55 arbitrary units of light?

    <p>Other environmental factors limit it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural component is found in bacteria but not in viruses?

    <p>Cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes a characteristic of viruses?

    <p>They have a protein coat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception regarding the comparison between bacteria and viruses?

    <p>Viruses have a cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When calculating the surface area to volume ratio of a cubic cell, which formula is used for the surface area?

    <p>6a^2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to red blood cells when placed in distilled water due to osmosis?

    <p>They swell and may burst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding cell structures in bacteria compared to viruses?

    <p>Bacteria have plasmids, which are not present in viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor can influence the movement of water during osmosis?

    <p>Concentration gradient of solutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can lead to scoring less than the full marks in structural questions regarding bacteria and viruses?

    <p>Stating functional differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would likely occur if less oxygen is transported in the body?

    <p>Decreased muscle respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly indicates the base pair rule for RNA?

    <p>A pairs with U, C pairs with G</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term refers to the process by which RNA is synthesized from a DNA template?

    <p>Transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During protein synthesis, what role does tRNA play?

    <p>Brings amino acids to the ribosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common mistake do students make regarding the components involved in protein synthesis?

    <p>Incorrectly stating that RNA is made from amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component was NOT mentioned as essential in the process of protein synthesis?

    <p>Ribosomal RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the process of translation primarily involve?

    <p>Assembly of amino acids into proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might limit the marks awarded for an answer regarding base pairing in RNA?

    <p>Not replacing T with U</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a red blood cell when it is placed in a solution with higher water potential?

    <p>The cell bursts as water enters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does osmosis affect a red blood cell in a concentrated salt solution?

    <p>Water leaves the cell, causing it to crenate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do stem cells differ from other cell types?

    <p>Stem cells can differentiate into various cell types.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a misconception about stem cells regarding their function?

    <p>Stem cells can produce only one type of cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specific detail should responses about stem cells include to gain maximum marks?

    <p>The ability to differentiate into different cell types.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a reason given for the advantage of using a patient's own stem cells over donor stem cells?

    <p>Patient's own cells reduce rejection risk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What result might occur if candidates simply state that stem cells can produce more cells?

    <p>They might receive partial marks for their answer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the effect of a dilute solution on a cell?

    <p>The cell bursts as water enters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of organisms is Chlorella classified under?

    <p>Protoctists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structures are found in both Chlorella and animal cells?

    <p>Cell membrane and mitochondrion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of chloroplasts in Chlorella?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gas is required for the photosynthesis process in Chlorella?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected outcome when light intensity is below 10 arbitrary units for Chlorella?

    <p>Chlorella will consume oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is represented by the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

    <p>Carbon dioxide and water are transformed into glucose and oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure distinguishes Chlorella from animal cells?

    <p>Cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of aquatic environments, Chlorella primarily uses what process to gain energy?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chlorella: A Single-Celled Organism

    • Chlorella is a single-celled organism that lives in freshwater.
    • It contains a chloroplast and can photosynthesize.
    • Chlorella belongs to the group of organisms called protoctists.
    • Animal cells contain a cell membrane and mitochondria.

    Photosynthesis

    • Photosynthesis is the process by which plants and other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy.
    • The balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis is:
      • Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen
    • The balanced chemical symbol equation for photosynthesis is:
      • CO2 + H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

    Effect of Light Intensity on Gas Exchange by Chlorella

    • At light intensities below 10 arbitrary units, Chlorella takes in oxygen because the rate of respiration is higher than the rate of photosynthesis.
    • As light intensity increases, the rate of photosynthesis increases until other factors (e.g., temperature, carbon dioxide concentration) become limiting.
    • At 55 arbitrary units of light intensity, other factors become limiting, and the rate of photosynthesis levels off.
    • At 10 arbitrary units of light intensity, the rates of photosynthesis and respiration are equal.

    Stem Cells: Undifferentiated and Dividing

    • Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can continue to divide and differentiate into different types of cells.
    • Stem cells can be used to treat different blood conditions by producing specific blood cell types.
    • Using a patient's own stem cells for treatment is better than using donor stem cells because it reduces the risk of rejection by the patient's immune system.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the relationships between Chlorella, a freshwater single-celled organism, and the process of photosynthesis. It examines how light intensity affects Chlorella's gas exchange and the biochemical equations involved in photosynthesis. Test your understanding of these fundamental biological concepts.

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