Chinese Political System Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the National People’s Congress (NPC)?

  • To elect the President of the People’s Republic of China.
  • To serve as the highest organ of state power. (correct)
  • To supervise legal proceedings and court decisions.
  • To execute laws and oversee state administration.
  • How are deputies to the National People’s Congress elected?

  • Through direct elections held nationwide.
  • Through a selection process by the Communist Party.
  • By indirect election from various regions and sectors. (correct)
  • By appointment from the President.
  • What is the term of office for the President of the People’s Republic of China?

  • Five years. (correct)
  • Six years.
  • Eight years.
  • Four years.
  • Which organ is responsible for providing judicial interpretation in China?

    <p>The Supreme People’s Court. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the State Council in the Chinese political system?

    <p>It acts as the executive body of the highest organ of state power. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly defines the National Congress of the Communist Party of China?

    <p>It is the supreme decision-making body of the CPC. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China do?

    <p>Directs party work when Congress is not in session. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding the People’s procuratorates?

    <p>They handle legal supervision for the judiciary. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the Political Bureau and its Standing Committee?

    <p>Promote anti-corruption work (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary responsibility of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection?

    <p>Maintain the constitution and discipline of the Party (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term length for the members of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)?

    <p>Five years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a major function of the CPPCC?

    <p>Judicial oversight (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many members are there in the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau?

    <p>Seven (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following positions does Xi Jinping hold?

    <p>The General Secretary of the Central Committee (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main purposes of the CPPCC?

    <p>Unite people from various sectors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following individuals is correctly matched with their position as the President of the PRC?

    <p>Xi Jinping (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a duty of the National People's Congress (NPC)?

    <p>To proclaim a state of war (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which functions are performed by the Supreme People's Court?

    <p>To trial judgement errors by lower courts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not one of the four subordinate principles of the CPC?

    <p>The organization is subordinate to individual actions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) is correct?

    <p>The CPPCC characterized by 'double sessions' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a democratic party in China?

    <p>Democratic League (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sector is NOT represented in the CPPCC?

    <p>Employees of multinational corporations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements regarding the CPPCC members is false?

    <p>CPPCC session is held in November each year (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is a primary function of the NPC?

    <p>To amend the Constitution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary function of the National People’s Congress that differentiates it from the Legislative Council of Hong Kong?

    <p>It has the authority to amend the Constitution. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements correctly describes the role of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong?

    <p>It raises questions regarding the government’s actions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function does the CPPCC perform in relation to state affairs?

    <p>Participates in and deliberates on state affairs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the role of the NPC differ from that of the LegCo in terms of supervision?

    <p>NPC supervises the Supreme People’s Court. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the effectiveness of the Internet as a channel for government supervision?

    <p>It allows citizens to communicate without restrictions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one limitation of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong compared to the NPC?

    <p>LegCo lacks the authority to amend the Basic Law. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function of the CPPCC involves making recommendations based on observations and studies?

    <p>Deliberation participation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a function of either the National People’s Congress or the Legislative Council of Hong Kong?

    <p>Elect constitutional judges. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    National People's Congress (NPC)

    Highest organ of state power in China. Deputies are elected indirectly.

    President of China

    Head of state in China, elected by the National People's Congress. Currently Xi Jinping.

    State Council

    The executive branch of the Chinese government, carries out laws.

    Judicial Organs

    People's Courts (Supreme People's Court, highest) and People's Procuratorates (legal oversight).

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    Communist Party of China (CPC)

    Political party that runs China.

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    National Congress (CPC)

    Top leadership organ of the CPC, meeting every 5 years to decide major issues.

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    Central Committee (CPC)

    CPC body that directs party work between National Congress meetings.

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    Political Bureau (CPC)

    Significant CPC decision-making body within the Central Committee.

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    NPC Duties

    The National People's Congress (NPC) has the power to amend the Constitution, oversee its implementation, enact and modify laws, and elect or dismiss members of state bodies and organizations.

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    Supreme People's Court Functions

    The Supreme People's Court (SPC) handles civil disputes, less serious criminal cases, reviews lower court decisions, and examines death penalty cases.

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    Democratic Centralism

    The Communist Party of China (CPC) operates on the principle of democratic centralism, which involves decision-making through debate and voting, with the majority decision binding on all.

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    Jiusan Society

    The Jiusan Society is one of the eight democratic parties in China. It is dedicated to promoting science, education, and culture.

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    CPPCC Sessions

    The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) holds two sessions each year, known as the 'double sessions'.

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    CPPCC Members

    The members of the CPPCC are diverse, representing various sectors including the eight democratic parties, religious figures, representatives of international organizations, and people from Hong Kong, Macau, and returned overseas Chinese.

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    CPPCC VS NPC

    The CPPCC is a political advisory body, while the NPC is the legislative and highest political body in China.

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    CPC Organizing Principle

    The Communist Party of China (CPC) is organized on the principle of 'four subordinates' democratic centralism, emphasizing the subordination of the minority to the majority, individuals to the organization, lower Party organizations to higher ones.

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    NPC vs LegCo: Similarities

    Both the National People's Congress (NPC) and the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo) can make and change laws. They also oversee how the government is working.

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    NPC vs LegCo: Differences (1)

    The NPC can change the Chinese Constitution, while the LegCo cannot change Hong Kong's Basic Law. The NPC has more power over fundamental laws.

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    NPC vs LegCo: Differences (2)

    The NPC can choose or remove important officials like the President of China. The LegCo cannot choose Hong Kong's Chief Executive.

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    CPPCC Functions: Political Consultation

    The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) gives advice to the government before big decisions are made. It helps shape national and regional policies.

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    CPPCC Functions: Democratic Supervision

    The CPPCC can criticize and suggest improvements to how the government is doing its work.

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    CPPCC Functions: Participation in State Affairs

    The CPPCC can propose ideas and plans to the government and the Communist Party through reports and suggestions.

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    Public Supervision: Internet News

    People can learn about government actions and information from online news sources. This helps monitor the government's transparency.

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    Public Supervision: Online Social Media

    Citizens can share their opinions and criticisms about government affairs or policies on social media platforms like Weibo.

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    Standing Committee of the Political Bureau

    The top decision-making body within the Communist Party of China (CPC), with seven members who exercise the functions and powers of the Central Committee when it is not in session.

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    Central Commission for Discipline Inspection

    An organ within the CPC tasked with upholding the Party's constitution and discipline, supervising its members and organizations, promoting anti-corruption work, and punishing corrupt members.

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    Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)

    A political advisory body established by the CPC to unite people from various sectors and practice multi-party cooperation and political consultation.

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    CPPCC's Major Functions

    The CPPCC performs three main functions: political consultation, democratic supervision, and participation in and deliberation of state affairs.

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    CPPCC's Political Consultation

    The CPPCC makes pre-decision consultations with the government on important issues and national policies.

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    CPPCC's Democratic Supervision

    The CPPCC monitors the government's work, making proposals and criticisms to improve its performance.

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    CPPCC's Participation in State Affairs

    CPPCC members actively engage in discussions on significant state matters and contribute ideas through reports and suggestions.

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    CPPCC's Term of Office

    The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) has a five-year term of office.

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    Study Notes

    Chinese Political System

    • National People's Congress (NPC): Highest organ of state power

      • Term of office: 5 years
      • Deputies elected from provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities, army, and special administrative regions by indirect election; quota based on population ratios
      • Standing Committee exercises NPC functions when not in session
    • President:

      • Xi Jinping is current President of the People's Republic of China (PRC)
      • Elected by the National People's Congress
      • Term of office: 5 years
    • State Council (Central People's Government): Executive body of highest organ of state power

      • Highest organ of state administration
      • Term of office: 5 years
    • Judicial Organs:

      • Supreme People's Court: Highest judicial organ in China
        • Examines and approves death penalty cases
        • Provides judicial interpretation on how to apply specific laws
      • People's courts
      • People's procuratorates: State organs for legal supervision

    Communist Party of China (CPC)

    • Founded in 1921
    • Implements decisions from top down to grassroots
    • Democratic Centralism: Four subordinates
      • The National Congress: Top leadership organ, held every 5 years; decides on major party issues; elects members of the Central Committee
      • Central Committee: Carries out decisions, directs party work when National Congress not in session; elects members of the Political Bureau, Standing Committee, Central Military Commission, and General Secretary
      • Political Bureau and Standing Committee: Exercises Central Committee functions when not in session, core of CPC power. Standing Committee has 7 members
      • Central Commission for Discipline Inspection: Maintains constitution and discipline, supervises organizations and members; promotes anti-corruption, punishes corrupt members

    Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)

    • Set up by CPC to unite people from all circles
    • Practices multi-party cooperation and political consultation
    • Term of office: 5 years
    • Major functions:
      • Political consultation: Pre-decision consultation on general national and local principles, and on important issues
      • Democratic supervision: Making proposals and criticisms of the work carried out by state organs
      • Participation in and deliberation of state affairs

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    Description

    Explore the structure and functions of China's political system, including the National People's Congress, the role of the President, and the State Council. This quiz covers key institutions and their significance within the political landscape of the People's Republic of China.

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