Chinese Political System Overview

Highest organ of state power in China, elected indirectly by the people.

The head of state, elected by the National People's Congress for a 5-year term.

China's executive body, responsible for implementing laws and policies of the government.

Judicial organs in China that handle legal cases and apply laws based on judicial interpretation.

China's governing political party.

The highest leadership organ of the CPC, meets every 5 years to decide on major issues and elect officials.

The CPC's governing body that oversees the party's work between National Congresses.

A 5 year term for both NPC delegates/representatives and the President of China.

The core of the CPC's power, exercising Central Committee functions when not in session.

Maintains party discipline and constitution, oversees party members, promotes anti-corruption & punishes corrupt officials.

A consultative body uniting people from various sectors, practicing multi-party cooperation and political consultation.

Provides pre-decision consultation on national and local principles and crucial issues.

Offers suggestions and criticisms regarding the actions of governmental organizations.

General Secretary of the Central Committee; Member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau.

Premier of the State Council / Member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau

Chairman of the National People's Congress / Member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau

The National People's Congress (NPC) elects/appoints state officials, amends the constitution, and oversees government branches like the State Council.

The Supreme People's Court (SPC) handles appeals of lower courts, civil disputes, and minor criminal cases, and reviews death penalty cases.

The Communist Party of China (CPC) operates on 'democratic centralism,' where lower levels are subordinate to higher ones and individuals to the group.

Existing Chinese democratic parties include the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong, among others.

The CPPCC (Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference) holds two sessions annually, a sort of advisory body.

The CPPCC includes people from various sectors; such as, political parties, religious figures, and regional representatives, but excludes international organizations.

The guiding principle of organization in the Communist Party, emphasizing subordination of individuals and lower levels to higher levels.

The National People's Congress (NPC) is the supreme organ of state power, having the power to enact and amend laws in China.

Both the National People's Congress (NPC) and the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo) can enact and amend laws, and they both supervise the government's work.

The NPC can amend the Chinese Constitution and oversee its enforcement, while the LegCo has no right to amend the Basic Law of Hong Kong.

The NPC supervises the Supreme People's Court, but the LegCo does not supervise Hong Kong's judiciary because it's independent.

The NPC can elect and remove key figures like the President, but the LegCo can't directly elect the Chief Executive of Hong Kong.

The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) can consult and offer opinions on important national and local policies before decisions are made.

The CPPCC can give feedback and offer criticism on the work of government agencies, making sure they're doing their job effectively.

The CPPCC can submit proposals and ideas to the Communist Party of China and government agencies through reports and suggestions.

The internet allows citizens to access government news, express their views, and hold officials accountable.