China's One-Child Policy Quiz

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Questions and Answers

The one-child policy in China led to a decrease in the fertility rate.

True (A)

Which of the following is NOT a negative impact of China's one-child policy?

  • Sex-selective abortions
  • Increased forced abortions
  • Little Emperor syndrome
  • Higher life expectancy for women (correct)

What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where parents excessively indulge their only child, sometimes leading to maladjustment in society?

Little Emperor syndrome

The one-child policy has been implicated in an increase in _____, _____, and underreporting of female births.

<p>forced abortions, infanticide</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their corresponding definitions.

<p>Fertility Rate = The average number of births per 1000 of the population in a year Birth Rate = The average number of children a woman is expected to have in her lifetime Sex Ratio at Birth = The ratio of male births to female births Little Emperor Syndrome = The phenomenon of excessive indulgence of an only child, leading to potential societal maladjustment</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to a 2008 survey by the Pew Research Center, what percentage of the Chinese population supported the one-child policy?

<p>76% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The one-child policy was strictly enforced with no exceptions for government officials or wealthy individuals.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the natural baseline range for the sex ratio at birth?

<p>1030:1000 to 1070:1000</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a push factor for migration?

<p>High standard of living (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Illegal migrants are individuals who enter a country without proper authorization.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are two examples of pull factors that might encourage someone to migrate to a new country?

<p>Two examples of pull factors are job prospects and better educational opportunities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The abduction and transport of Africans to the Americas as slaves was the largest ______ in history.

<p>forced migration</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following scenarios with the appropriate type of migration:

<p>A person moves from a rural village to a nearby city for better job opportunities. = Internal migration A family flees their home country due to war and seeks asylum in another nation. = Forced migration A student travels abroad to pursue higher education and plans to return home after completing their studies. = Temporary migration An individual illegally crosses the border to find work in a neighboring country. = Illegal migration</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential barrier to international migration?

<p>Availability of affordable housing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do migrants sometimes return to their home countries even after experiencing life abroad?

<p>Migrants might return home due to difficulty in settling overseas, to start a business with capital earned abroad, or to utilize new skills acquired in the new country.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Most people prefer to stay in their own countries because they are likely to face social and cultural challenges abroad.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of emigration for the source country?

<p>Increased dependence on foreign aid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A disadvantage of immigration for the destination country is the cost of education for migrant children.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of immigration for the destination country in terms of the workforce?

<p>Gaining skilled workers at a lower cost</p> Signup and view all the answers

One concern associated with emigration is the ______ on the population pyramid caused by non-return migrants.

<p>imbalance</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ethnic group were among the first settlers to arrive in California in significant numbers?

<p>Spanish (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

California has always been a densely populated state.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential disadvantage of an over-reliance on migrant labor in a particular industry?

<p>A potential disadvantage of an over-reliance on migrant labor in a particular industry is the vulnerability to economic fluctuations and changes in migration patterns. If there is a sudden decrease in migrant labor, the industry might face a significant shortage, leading to disruptions and economic instability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of urban decay?

<p>Modern, well-maintained apartment complexes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Comprehensive redevelopment always involves knocking down all existing buildings and completely rebuilding the area.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain one potential negative impact of comprehensive redevelopment on residents.

<p>Comprehensive redevelopment can force residents to relocate from their established communities and workplaces, disrupting their social networks and familiar surroundings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Urban decay is characterized by ______ housing with outside toilets and overcrowding.

<p>slum</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>Urban decay = The decline and deterioration of parts of a city. Comprehensive redevelopment = A complete rebuilding of an area, often involving demolition of existing structures. Rural-urban fringe = The area where urban development meets rural areas. Slum housing = Housing characterized by inadequate living conditions and overcrowding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are new shopping and entertainment centers more likely to be built in suburban areas rather than city centers?

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The growth of the rural-urban fringe contributes to increased traffic congestion.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Provide one example of how the growth of the rural-urban fringe can lead to environmental problems.

<p>The expansion of housing developments and road construction in the rural-urban fringe can result in the loss of farmland.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The rapid growth of world population is known as ______.

<p>population explosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

The world population in 2011 was 7.0 billion.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is population density?

<p>Population density is the average number of people living in a given area per square kilometer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key term related to population dynamics?

<p>Climate change (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate population density?

<p>Population density = (Total population) / (Area)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The population explosion occurred primarily in the early 19th century.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of rapid population growth?

<p>Rapid population growth can strain resources, leading to issues like food shortages, lack of housing, and environmental degradation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The One Child Policy in China was implemented in 1978 to restrict married couples to having more than one child.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for implementing the One Child Policy in China?

<p>To address overpopulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups was NOT exempted from the One Child Policy?

<p>Rural families with a first-born daughter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The One Child Policy aimed to promote ______ families.

<p>one-child</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following consequences of violating the One Child Policy with their descriptions:

<p>Penalties = Financial fines or other punishments imposed on families exceeding the child limit Denied bonuses = Potential withholding of work-related incentives for violating the policy Limited benefits = Restrictions on access to certain social programs or government assistance Possible job loss = The potential for job termination due to policy violation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

National migrant

A person who moves to live and work in another place within the same country.

Illegal migrant

A person who enters a country without permission to live and work.

Push factors

Negative conditions at the point of origin that encourage migration.

Pull factors

Positive conditions at the destination that attract migrants.

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Voluntary migration

Migration where individuals choose to relocate by their own free will.

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Forced migration

Migration that occurs when individuals are compelled to move against their will.

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Barriers to migration

Challenges that hinder individuals from migrating internationally.

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Reasons for returning home

Factors that lead migrants to return to their origin after migration.

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Suburban shopping centers

Shopping and entertainment areas built outside city centers, often in suburbs.

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Traffic congestion

Buildup of vehicles leading to slower movement, especially in urban areas.

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Urban decay

The process where city areas become run-down and less desirable to live in.

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Comprehensive redevelopment

A strategy to improve urban decay by demolishing all buildings and reconstructing.

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Rural-urban fringe problems

Issues in the outskirts of cities caused by urban expansion, like congestion and pollution.

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Atmospheric pollution

Contamination of the air resulting from traffic and industrial activities.

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Loss of farmland

Reduction of agricultural land due to urban development and construction.

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Community disruption

Negative impact on social connections when redevelopment forces relocation.

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Advantages of Emigration

Emigration reduces unemployment, boosts remittances, and brings back skilled workers.

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Disadvantages of Emigration

Emigration can lead to population imbalance and loss of cultural leaders.

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Advantages of Immigration

Immigration fills less desirable jobs and brings skilled labor at low cost.

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Disadvantages of Immigration

Immigration can strain local amenities, create job competition, and lead to cultural loss.

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Remittances

Payments sent back home by migrants to support economy of origin country.

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Population Pyramid Imbalance

Emigration can disrupt the age and gender balance of the population.

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Case Study: Migration to California

California experienced significant immigration from Europe and Asia starting in the mid-19th century.

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Cultural Identity Loss

Second-generation migrants may lose aspects of their cultural identity.

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World Population 2011

The total number of people was 7.0 billion in 2011.

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Population

The number of people residing in a specific geographical area.

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Population Explosion

A sudden rapid increase in world population, particularly noted in the 1950s.

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Population Density

The average number of people per square kilometer.

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Birth Rate

The number of live births per 1000 people in one year.

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Geographical Area

A specific region or space where a population resides.

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Population Dynamics

The study of how populations change over time due to births, deaths, and migration.

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Food Shortages

A lack of sufficient food to meet the needs of the population.

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One-Child Policy

A population control policy implemented in China to limit families to one child.

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Fertility Rate

The average number of births per woman over her lifetime.

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Gender-Selected Abortion

Choosing to terminate a pregnancy based on the sex of the fetus.

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Little Emperor Syndrome

Over-indulgence of an only child leading to difficulties in social adjustment.

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Sex-Ratio at Birth

The ratio of male to female births, influenced by societal preferences.

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Population Control

Strategies and policies aimed at managing population growth.

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Forced Abortions

Abortions performed without the consent of the individual, often due to policy enforcement.

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Increased Savings Rate

A rise in the percentage of income that individuals save, linked to the one-child policy.

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Mao Zedong's Leadership

Period when China's infant mortality decreased significantly.

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Overpopulation

Condition leading to the introduction of the One Child Policy.

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Urban vs. Rural Implementation

One Child Policy enforcement varied between city and countryside.

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Government Penalties

Fines for families who violate the One Child Policy.

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Exemptions to the Policy

Certain groups, like foreigners and multiple children, are exempt.

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Positive Impact of Policy

Claimed prevention of over 400 million births by 2011.

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Rural Second Child Exceptions

In rural areas, families can have a second child under certain conditions.

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Study Notes

IGCSE Geography

  • IGCSE Geography Class Notes for Private Circulation only, compiled and edited by Dr. R. B. Thohe Pou, HoD, Dept. of Geography, 2016.
  • Contains notes on various geographical topics, including population, the natural environment, and economic development, covering topics in a structured way.
  • Notes provide details on key terms, factors, examples, and case studies.
  • Page 1 is a copyright and introduction page.
  • Page 2 is a contents page.

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