Fisiologia (Crianças)
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Questions and Answers

A criança possui um metabolismo energético especializado, ainda que a sua prática desportiva esteja especializada”

False (B)

Qual a característica que não é típica de crianças

  • Concentrações de ATP semelhantes entre jovens e adultos
  • Menores reservas de glicogénio
  • Menor número de enzimas responsáveis do metabolismo anaeróbio
  • Ressíntese de PCr mais lenta (correct)

As crianças exibem uma baixa capacidade anaeróbia lática

True (A)

As crianças apresentam uma glicólise anaeróbia mais _______ que os adultos.

<p>lenta (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A Criança tem:

<p>Menores concentrações de glicogénio intramuscular (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Existe um/a__________ da potência e capacidade anaeróbia em função da idade e/ou estado maturacional

<p>Aumento (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

O dimorfismo sexual é muito evidente entre os 13- 21 anos de idade. Os rapazes apresentam valores mais _________ do que as raparigas para a potência e capacidade anaeróbia

<p>Elevados (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Melhoria de rendimento anaeróbio termina na idade adulta para rapazes e por volta dos ______ anos de idade nas raparigas.

<p>15 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

O dimorfismo sexual assume mais expressividade antes da puberdade do que após o salto pubertário

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

As Crianças estão mais preparadas para esforços anaeróbios.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quais as causas de menor produção de lactato:

<p>Todas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qual das adaptações critica é típica na Criança no treino anaerobio:

<p>A) e C) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nas Crianças o processo aeróbio é altamente comprometido pela fase de transporte de O2 por DC ser maior

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Criança com menor capacidade de fixação de O2 por ter menor concentração de Hemoglobina (Hb). Na adolescência este défice dissipa-se por maturação do eritrócito e aumento da concentração de Hb

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nos Homens o crescimento do VO2 máx até estabilizar por volta aumenta com a idade dos 13-14 anos

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

O crescimento do VO2 máx aumenta com a idade até à idade adulta, nas Mulheres

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

As crianças apresentam menor concentração de lactato do que os adultos quando comparada em exercícios de intensidades iguais.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Steady state: •As crianças alcançam o steady state mais ___________que os adultos

<p>rapidamente (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Défice de O2: • O défice de O2 é por isso _________ nas crianças do que nos adultos

<p>menor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Recuperação pós-exercício (EPOC): • As crianças recuperam mais rapidamente de um esforço do que os adultos;

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nas Crianças Adaptações crónicas ao treino aeróbio são qualitativamente semelhantes aos adultos

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Children's Energy Metabolism

Children's metabolic processes for energy production are different compared to adults, even when they are trained athletes.

PCr Resynthesis in Children

Children have a slower rate of recovering phosphocreatine (PCr) after a workout compared to adults.

Children's Anaerobic Capacity

Children exhibit limited ability to produce energy through anaerobic glycolysis (lactic acid system).

Children's Anaerobic Glycolysis Rate

Children's anaerobic breakdown of glucose (glycolysis) is slower than in adults.

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Glycogen Storage in Children

The amount of glycogen stored in muscles is smaller in children compared to adults.

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Anaerobic Power and Capacity in Children

Children have increasing anaerobic power and capacity as they grow and mature.

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Sexual Dimorphism in Anaerobic Performance

The difference in anaerobic performance between boys and girls becomes more pronounced between the ages of 13 and 21, with boys having a higher anaerobic power and capacity.

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Anaerobic Performance Improvement Timeline

Anaerobic performance continues to improve throughout adolescence, reaching peak levels in adulthood for boys and around age 15 for girls.

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Sexual Dimorphism before and after Puberty

The difference in anaerobic performance between boys and girls is more pronounced before puberty compared to after the puberty growth spurt.

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Anaerobic Performance in Children

Children are not better prepared for anaerobic activities compared to adults.

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Causes of Lower Lactate Production in Children

The lower lactate production in children is caused by multiple factors, including lower muscle mass, lower glycogen content, and slower glycolysis.

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Critical Adaptations to Anaerobic Training in Children

The following adaptations, increased muscle mass and improved anaerobic enzyme activity, are typical in children undergoing anaerobic training.

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Aerobic Capacity and Oxygen Delivery in Children

Children do not experience significant impairment in their aerobic capacity due to a longer oxygen delivery time.

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Hemoglobin Concentration in Children

Children have a lower concentration of hemoglobin (Hb), which impacts their oxygen carrying capacity. However, this difference decreases during adolescence as red blood cell maturation and Hb levels increase.

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VO2 max Growth in Men

The maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) increases with age until it stabilizes around 13-14 years old in men, not until adulthood.

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VO2 max Growth in Women

The maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) increases with age, but it does not continue to increase until adulthood in women.

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Lactate Production in Children vs Adults

Children produce less lactate than adults when performing exercises at the same intensity.

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Steady State in Children

Children reach steady state (a stable level of oxygen consumption) faster than adults.

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Oxygen Deficit in Children

Children have a smaller oxygen deficit compared to adults during exercise.

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Recovery from Exercise in Children

Children recover faster from exercise than adults.

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Aerobic Training Adaptations in Children

The long-term adaptations to aerobic training are similar between children and adults.

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Study Notes

Children's Energy Metabolism

  • Children have a specialized energy metabolism, despite their sports practice being specialized
  • Children exhibit a low anaerobic capacity, particularly in lactate production

Anaerobic Performance

  • Children's anaerobic glycolysis is more efficient than that of adults
  • There is a decline in anaerobic power and capacity with age and/or maturation state
  • Boys exhibit higher anaerobic power and capacity values than girls, especially between 13-21 years old
  • Anaerobic performance improvement ceases in adulthood for boys, but around 18 years old for girls
  • The sexual dimorphism is more pronounced before puberty than after the pubertal spurt

Causes of Lower Lactate Production

  • Children are more prepared for anaerobic efforts
  • Lower lactate production in children is due to their higher anaerobic efficiency

Critical Adaptations

  • Children's critical adaptation in anaerobic training is their high anaerobic efficiency

Aerobic Process

  • Children's aerobic process is severely compromised by the longer O2 transport phase
  • Children have lower O2 fixation capacity due to lower hemoglobin concentration
  • This deficiency is overcome during adolescence due to erythrocyte maturation and increased hemoglobin concentration

VO2 Max

  • In boys, VO2 max growth stabilizes around 13-14 years old
  • In girls, VO2 max growth continues to increase with age until adulthood

Lactate Concentration

  • Children have lower lactate concentrations than adults when performing exercises of equal intensity

Steady State and O2 Deficit

  • Children reach a steady state faster than adults
  • O2 deficit is lower in children than in adults

Post-Exercise Recovery (EPOC)

  • Children recover more quickly from exercise than adults

Chronic Aerobic Training Adaptations

  • Children's chronic aerobic training adaptations are qualitatively similar to those of adults

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Test your knowledge about the specialized energy metabolism of children, even when engaged in specialized sports activities.

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