Child Psychology: Structural-Functional Approach Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which theorist believed in the power of community in child development?

  • Freud
  • Piaget
  • Pavlov
  • Vygotsky (correct)

    • In Piaget's theory, what is meant by 'readiness' in education?

  • Being good at discovering new information
  • Being mature enough to start school
  • Being ready to memorize information
  • Having reached a level of maturation before learning new skills (correct)

    • Which concept is central to Vygotsky's theory and involves tasks that learners cannot perform alone but can with assistance?

  • Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) (correct)
  • Assimilation
  • Scaffolding
  • Discovery Learning

    • How did Piaget view the role of a teacher in education, as per the text?

    <p>Facilitator, not instructor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Piaget's child from Vygotsky's child based on the text?

    <p>Introvert vs. Extrovert</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Vygotsky, what is the zone of proximal development (ZPD)?

    <p>The distance between a child's current and potential abilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Vygotsky's theory differ from Piaget's theory in terms of learning?

    <p>Vygotsky believes learning is solitary, while Piaget argues learning is social</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Vygotsky describe the process of scaffolding in education?

    <p>Guidance provided by a significant other to help children reach their potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main criticism of Vygotsky's theory mentioned in the text?

    <p>Overemphasis on social interaction in learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of child development, how does Vygotsky differ from Piaget regarding the role of language?

    <p>Vygotsky believes language drives thought, while Piaget thinks thought drives language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Piaget's theory of cognitive development, what is the process of using current schemes to interpret the external world called?

    <p>Assimilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development involves representing the world with words and images?

    <p>Preoperational stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during assimilation in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?

    <p>Incorporating new information into existing schemas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Piaget, what happens when a child's beliefs become more compatible with their experiences?

    <p>Equilibration is achieved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of cognitive development comes after the Preoperational stage according to Piaget's theory?

    <p>Concrete Operational stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of cognitive development involves reasoning in more abstract, idealistic, and logical ways?

    <p>Formal Operational Stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can children in the Concrete Operational Stage do that they couldn't in earlier stages?

    <p>Reason logically about concrete events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Piaget underestimate about young children's cognitive abilities?

    <p>Understanding of conservation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of child development did Piaget overlook, according to criticisms of his theory?

    <p>Impact of social interactions between children and caregivers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which stage of cognitive development do children begin to classify objects into different sets?

    <p>Concrete Operational Stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Piaget, which of the following describes the process of building schemas through direct interaction with the environment?

    <p>Assimilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Piaget's theory, which function involves rearranging schemas by linking them with others internally?

    <p>Organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What remains constant throughout a child's development according to the structural-functional approach mentioned in the text?

    <p>Functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory emphasizes that children construct an understanding of the world based on the effects of their behaviors?

    <p>Piaget's theory of cognitive development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Piaget's and Vygotsky's theories in terms of the role of language in child development?

    <p>Vygotsky sees language as a tool for thought, while Piaget views it as a byproduct of cognitive development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Vygotsky's sociocultural cognitive theory, how is knowledge created?

    <p>Through interactions with other people and objects in the culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best reflects Vygotsky's view on the role of social interaction in cognitive development?

    <p>Social interaction is crucial for cognitive development as it guides the construction of knowledge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Vygotsky view the acquisition of knowledge compared to Piaget?

    <p>As active and socially constructed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Vygotsky's theory, what role does culture play in teaching children?

    <p>Culture teaches children what and how to think through intellectual tools.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Vygotsky differentiate between lower and higher mental functions in children?

    <p>Lower functions are innate while higher functions are transformed through social interactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is credited with the development of the structural-functional approach to cognitive development?

    <p>Jean Piaget</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Jean Piaget consider as the psychological structures in children's cognitive development?

    <p>Schemas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Piaget, what is intelligence composed of?

    <p>Structures and functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of cognitive development does Piaget's theory primarily focus on?

    <p>How children learn and process information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach to cognitive development emphasizes the importance of psychological structures changing with age?

    <p>Structural-functional approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Jean Piaget believe about children in comparison to adults in terms of thinking and reasoning?

    <p>Children do not think or reason like adults</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Piaget's theory, what term refers to a relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs through experience?

    <p>Learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Jean Piaget observe about children that led him to conclude they do not think or reason like adults?

    <p>Observing his own children and some others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used in Piaget's theory to describe the process of using existing schemas to interpret the external world?

    <p>Assimilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to changing or revising an existing schema as a result of new experiences in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?

    <p>Accommodation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Piaget's theory, successful assimilation and accommodation lead to:

    <p>Equilibration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about assimilation and accommodation in cognitive development?

    <p>Assimilation is revising existing schemas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when new information is incorporated into an existing schema according to Piaget's theory?

    <p>Assimilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Vygotsky, the zone of proximal development (ZPD) is best described as:

    <p>The difference between a child's current abilities and their potential abilities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Piaget's theory of cognitive development, assimilation refers to:

    <p>Adjusting existing schemas to incorporate new information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'scaffolding' mean in the context of Vygotsky's theory?

    <p>Providing temporary support to help a child master a task.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a child actively organizes cognitive schemas to maintain equilibrium, it aligns with the concept of:

    <p>Adaptation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which best describes the role of a significant other, as per Vygotsky's theory, in a child's learning process?

    <p>Providing guidance and support tailored to the child's current abilities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theorist emphasizes the importance of readiness in a child's cognitive development?

    <p>Jean Piaget</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Piaget's theory of cognitive development, what term describes the process of modifying existing schemas to fit new information?

    <p>Accommodation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes Piaget's approach to learning in his theory of cognitive development?

    <p>Individual discovery learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves children beginning with full support and gradually reducing assistance as their abilities grow, according to the text?

    <p>Scaffolding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of child development, which term refers to the balance between assimilating new information and adjusting existing schemas?

    <p>Equilibration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the information processing approach in cognitive development?

    <p>How children organize information in their brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Piaget's theory of cognitive development, what does the term 'organization' refer to?

    <p>The formation of new mental structures to accommodate new information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cognitive process involves fitting new information into existing mental structures according to Piaget?

    <p>Assimilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does accommodation differ from assimilation in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?

    <p>Accommodation involves changing existing mental structures while assimilation does not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key concept related to adaptation in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?

    <p>Equilibration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Piaget's theory of cognitive development, what does adaptation involve?

    <p>Building schemas through direct interaction with the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the information processing approach to child development?

    <p>Quantitative changes in basic information processing systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process in Piaget's theory involves rearranging schemas by linking them with others internally?

    <p>Organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Piaget, which process consists of building schemas through direct interaction with the environment?

    <p>Assimilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sets functions apart from structures in child development according to the text?

    <p>Functions change with age, while structures remain constant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of cognitive development can a child classify objects into different sets according to Piaget's theory?

    <p>Concrete Operational Stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term in Piaget's theory refers to the process of using existing schemas to interpret new experiences?

    <p>Assimilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cognitive development concept involves changing existing mental structures to incorporate new information?

    <p>Accommodation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Piaget's theory, what is the term for the process of organizing and linking schemas to create a cohesive mental framework?

    <p>Adaptation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the cognitive process where a child adjusts their schemas to accommodate new information that does not fit existing schemas?

    <p>Accommodation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Piaget's theory suggest occurs when there is a state of cognitive disequilibrium due to new information?

    <p>Equilibration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Vygotsky's sociocultural cognitive theory, how is cognitive development guided?

    <p>Through social interaction and culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Vygotsky's view, how is knowledge primarily created?

    <p>Through interactions with other people and objects in the culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept did Vygotsky emphasize as playing a vital role in cognitive development?

    <p>Social interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Vygotsky differ from Piaget in terms of the role of culture in teaching children?

    <p>Vygotsky viewed culture as a primary influencer of teaching methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Vygotsky, how are lower mental functions transformed into higher mental functions in children?

    <p>Through the influence of culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

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