74 Questions
Which theorist believed in the power of community in child development?
Vygotsky
In Piaget's theory, what is meant by 'readiness' in education?
Having reached a level of maturation before learning new skills
Which concept is central to Vygotsky's theory and involves tasks that learners cannot perform alone but can with assistance?
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
How did Piaget view the role of a teacher in education, as per the text?
Facilitator, not instructor
What distinguishes Piaget's child from Vygotsky's child based on the text?
Introvert vs. Extrovert
According to Vygotsky, what is the zone of proximal development (ZPD)?
The distance between a child's current and potential abilities
How does Vygotsky's theory differ from Piaget's theory in terms of learning?
Vygotsky believes learning is solitary, while Piaget argues learning is social
How does Vygotsky describe the process of scaffolding in education?
Guidance provided by a significant other to help children reach their potential
What is the main criticism of Vygotsky's theory mentioned in the text?
Overemphasis on social interaction in learning
In terms of child development, how does Vygotsky differ from Piaget regarding the role of language?
Vygotsky believes language drives thought, while Piaget thinks thought drives language
In Piaget's theory of cognitive development, what is the process of using current schemes to interpret the external world called?
Assimilation
Which stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development involves representing the world with words and images?
Preoperational stage
What happens during assimilation in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
Incorporating new information into existing schemas
According to Piaget, what happens when a child's beliefs become more compatible with their experiences?
Equilibration is achieved
Which stage of cognitive development comes after the Preoperational stage according to Piaget's theory?
Concrete Operational stage
Which stage of cognitive development involves reasoning in more abstract, idealistic, and logical ways?
Formal Operational Stage
What can children in the Concrete Operational Stage do that they couldn't in earlier stages?
Reason logically about concrete events
What did Piaget underestimate about young children's cognitive abilities?
Understanding of conservation
What aspect of child development did Piaget overlook, according to criticisms of his theory?
Impact of social interactions between children and caregivers
In which stage of cognitive development do children begin to classify objects into different sets?
Concrete Operational Stage
According to Piaget, which of the following describes the process of building schemas through direct interaction with the environment?
Assimilation
In Piaget's theory, which function involves rearranging schemas by linking them with others internally?
Organization
What remains constant throughout a child's development according to the structural-functional approach mentioned in the text?
Functions
Which theory emphasizes that children construct an understanding of the world based on the effects of their behaviors?
Piaget's theory of cognitive development
What distinguishes Piaget's and Vygotsky's theories in terms of the role of language in child development?
Vygotsky sees language as a tool for thought, while Piaget views it as a byproduct of cognitive development.
According to Vygotsky's sociocultural cognitive theory, how is knowledge created?
Through interactions with other people and objects in the culture
Which statement best reflects Vygotsky's view on the role of social interaction in cognitive development?
Social interaction is crucial for cognitive development as it guides the construction of knowledge.
How did Vygotsky view the acquisition of knowledge compared to Piaget?
As active and socially constructed
In Vygotsky's theory, what role does culture play in teaching children?
Culture teaches children what and how to think through intellectual tools.
How did Vygotsky differentiate between lower and higher mental functions in children?
Lower functions are innate while higher functions are transformed through social interactions.
Who is credited with the development of the structural-functional approach to cognitive development?
Jean Piaget
What did Jean Piaget consider as the psychological structures in children's cognitive development?
Schemas
According to Piaget, what is intelligence composed of?
Structures and functions
What aspect of cognitive development does Piaget's theory primarily focus on?
How children learn and process information
Which approach to cognitive development emphasizes the importance of psychological structures changing with age?
Structural-functional approach
What did Jean Piaget believe about children in comparison to adults in terms of thinking and reasoning?
Children do not think or reason like adults
In Piaget's theory, what term refers to a relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs through experience?
Learning
What did Jean Piaget observe about children that led him to conclude they do not think or reason like adults?
Observing his own children and some others
What is the term used in Piaget's theory to describe the process of using existing schemas to interpret the external world?
Assimilation
Which term refers to changing or revising an existing schema as a result of new experiences in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
Accommodation
In Piaget's theory, successful assimilation and accommodation lead to:
Equilibration
Which of the following is true about assimilation and accommodation in cognitive development?
Assimilation is revising existing schemas.
What occurs when new information is incorporated into an existing schema according to Piaget's theory?
Assimilation
According to Vygotsky, the zone of proximal development (ZPD) is best described as:
The difference between a child's current abilities and their potential abilities.
In Piaget's theory of cognitive development, assimilation refers to:
Adjusting existing schemas to incorporate new information.
What does the term 'scaffolding' mean in the context of Vygotsky's theory?
Providing temporary support to help a child master a task.
When a child actively organizes cognitive schemas to maintain equilibrium, it aligns with the concept of:
Adaptation
Which best describes the role of a significant other, as per Vygotsky's theory, in a child's learning process?
Providing guidance and support tailored to the child's current abilities.
Which theorist emphasizes the importance of readiness in a child's cognitive development?
Jean Piaget
In Piaget's theory of cognitive development, what term describes the process of modifying existing schemas to fit new information?
Accommodation
What characterizes Piaget's approach to learning in his theory of cognitive development?
Individual discovery learning
Which process involves children beginning with full support and gradually reducing assistance as their abilities grow, according to the text?
Scaffolding
In the context of child development, which term refers to the balance between assimilating new information and adjusting existing schemas?
Equilibration
What is the main focus of the information processing approach in cognitive development?
How children organize information in their brain
In Piaget's theory of cognitive development, what does the term 'organization' refer to?
The formation of new mental structures to accommodate new information
Which cognitive process involves fitting new information into existing mental structures according to Piaget?
Assimilation
How does accommodation differ from assimilation in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
Accommodation involves changing existing mental structures while assimilation does not.
What is the key concept related to adaptation in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
Equilibration
In Piaget's theory of cognitive development, what does adaptation involve?
Building schemas through direct interaction with the environment
What is the primary focus of the information processing approach to child development?
Quantitative changes in basic information processing systems
Which process in Piaget's theory involves rearranging schemas by linking them with others internally?
Organization
According to Piaget, which process consists of building schemas through direct interaction with the environment?
Assimilation
What sets functions apart from structures in child development according to the text?
Functions change with age, while structures remain constant
During which stage of cognitive development can a child classify objects into different sets according to Piaget's theory?
Concrete Operational Stage
What term in Piaget's theory refers to the process of using existing schemas to interpret new experiences?
Assimilation
Which cognitive development concept involves changing existing mental structures to incorporate new information?
Accommodation
In Piaget's theory, what is the term for the process of organizing and linking schemas to create a cohesive mental framework?
Adaptation
Which term describes the cognitive process where a child adjusts their schemas to accommodate new information that does not fit existing schemas?
Accommodation
What does Piaget's theory suggest occurs when there is a state of cognitive disequilibrium due to new information?
Equilibration
According to Vygotsky's sociocultural cognitive theory, how is cognitive development guided?
Through social interaction and culture
In Vygotsky's view, how is knowledge primarily created?
Through interactions with other people and objects in the culture
Which concept did Vygotsky emphasize as playing a vital role in cognitive development?
Social interaction
How did Vygotsky differ from Piaget in terms of the role of culture in teaching children?
Vygotsky viewed culture as a primary influencer of teaching methods
According to Vygotsky, how are lower mental functions transformed into higher mental functions in children?
Through the influence of culture
Test your knowledge of the structural-functional approach in child psychology, which focuses on how children construct an understanding of the world through their behaviors and the processing of information. Explore concepts such as schemas and adaptations in this quiz.
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