Child Nutrition and Obesity Quiz

<p>Increased cholesterol catabolism due to energy needs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1,100-1,300 calories (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased red blood cell count (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Elevated serum essential amino acid index (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypoglycemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The body prioritizes iron for essential functions, not red blood cell production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Facilitating energy metabolism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first 48 hours (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Between 1-3 years old (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prescribing weight loss medication (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marasmus results from a general lack of calories and essential nutrients (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excessive food intake compared to energy expenditure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A deficiency in protein but with adequate calories (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It reflects impaired insulin secretion in Marasmus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is an occasional, but not diagnostic, sign of Kwashiorkor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rule out (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased catabolism of cholesterol for energy production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>150-200 kcal/kg/day (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased breakdown of collagen for energy production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Iron deficiency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Permanent impairment of physical and mental growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hepatitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Accumulation of pyruvic and lactic acid in body fluids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Degeneration of myelin and axon cylinders (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wet beriberi is characterized by generalized edema while dry beriberi is not (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can be diagnosed through clinical manifestations and therapeutic tests (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Improved milling of rice to conserve thiamine content (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using a therapeutic test with parenteral thiamine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It arises due to vascular dilatation and brain hemorrhages in chronic thiamine deficiency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scleral icterus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Niacin deficiency (Pellagra) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1.5 mg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyperthyroidism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acts as a coenzyme involved in energy production and cell growth. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increase intake of eggs, liver, meat, fish, and dairy products. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Constipation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The RDA for niacin is not specified in the provided text. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The study of how poor nutrition affects health and causes disease.

Nutrients needed in large amounts: carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Essential vitamins and minerals required in smaller amounts.

A disorder caused by inadequate or excessive intake of nutrients.

A form of undernutrition resulting in severe wasting and growth retardation.

Signs include muscle wasting, growth retardation, and no edema.

Insufficient intake of one specific nutrient, e.g., Vitamins or minerals.

Disruption in the balance of electrolytes in the body, can lead to dehydration.

A deficiency of Vitamin B1 leading to Beriberi and various neurological symptoms.

A disease caused by thiamine deficiency characterized by cardiac and neurological symptoms.

A form of Beriberi with generalized edema and acute cardiac symptoms.

A form of Beriberi without edema, similar to peripheral neuritis.

Thiamine deficiency in infants leading to cardiac issues and other symptoms.

Includes peripheral neuropathy, depression, mental confusion, and lack of coordination.

Includes clinical tests, parenteral thiamine tests, and monitoring lactic acid levels.

Ensure a diet rich in meat, whole grains, and legumes.

A form of malnutrition caused by very low protein intake despite caloric adequacy.

Signs include edema, muscle wasting, and psychomotor changes.

A skin manifestation often seen in Kwashiorkor.

Includes hospitalization, treating deficiencies, and gradual feeding.

Severe cases can lead to permanent growth impairment and high mortality.

Excessive accumulation of fat in the body.

Classified as 'overweight' >10% and 'obese' >20% of desirable weight.

85th percentile BMI indicates 'at risk'; 95th percentile indicates severe obesity.

Used to define overweight in children, corresponds to a BMI of ~25.

Defines obesity in children, corresponds to a BMI of ~30.

Factors leading to obesity include excessive food intake and insufficient exercise.

Observable features in obese children, like fine facial features and pendulous abdomen.

Decrease energy intake by modifying diet and involving family.

Increase energy output through physical activity and hobbies.

Rare severe obesity complication causing respiratory distress.

Thiamine, Riboflavin, Niacin, Pyridoxine help in energy metabolism.

Essential for amino acid, fatty acid, and carbohydrate metabolism.

Includes angular stomatitis, cheilosis, and seborrheic dermatitis.

Recommended dietary allowance varies by age: Infants 1.4-2mg, Adults 0.025mg/gm protein.

Caused by low niacin or tryptophan diets, malabsorption, or excessive corn consumption.

Classical symptoms include dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia.

Foods high in riboflavin include eggs, liver, meat, fish, and dairy.

Treatment involves 2-5mg daily of riboflavin supplements or parenteral administration.