Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the socio-cultural factors evaluated related to child marriage?
What are the socio-cultural factors evaluated related to child marriage?
- Women’s pre-marital characteristics (correct)
- Economic conditions of families
- Historical background of marriages
- Community acceptance of marriage (correct)
What is a consequence of child marriage that is highlighted in the content?
What is a consequence of child marriage that is highlighted in the content?
- Enhanced social status
- Economic independence
- Deprivation of the right to education (correct)
- Increased educational opportunities
Which organization is NOT mentioned as contributing to the report on child marriage?
Which organization is NOT mentioned as contributing to the report on child marriage?
- World Health Organization (WHO) (correct)
- Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA)
- Hacettepe University Institute for Population Studies
- UNFPA Turkey Country Office
What paradox is presented regarding the age of marriage in Turkey?
What paradox is presented regarding the age of marriage in Turkey?
Which age group shows a significant percentage of individuals married before 18, according to the content?
Which age group shows a significant percentage of individuals married before 18, according to the content?
What is the primary aim of the report discussed in the content?
What is the primary aim of the report discussed in the content?
What issue is highlighted as still prevalent in Turkey concerning child marriage?
What issue is highlighted as still prevalent in Turkey concerning child marriage?
What is one of the societal impacts of child marriage mentioned?
What is one of the societal impacts of child marriage mentioned?
What is the primary focus of the Turkey Demographic and Health Surveys (TDHS)?
What is the primary focus of the Turkey Demographic and Health Surveys (TDHS)?
What aspect of marriage do TDHS studies particularly emphasize?
What aspect of marriage do TDHS studies particularly emphasize?
How frequently is data prepared for the Turkey Demographic and Health Surveys?
How frequently is data prepared for the Turkey Demographic and Health Surveys?
What time span does the TDHS cover in its retrospective analysis?
What time span does the TDHS cover in its retrospective analysis?
What challenges are specifically highlighted regarding women's rights in the context of marriage?
What challenges are specifically highlighted regarding women's rights in the context of marriage?
What is the significance of the data collected by TDHS for policy development?
What is the significance of the data collected by TDHS for policy development?
What is one of the objectives of the surveys conducted in the twenty-first century?
What is one of the objectives of the surveys conducted in the twenty-first century?
Who contributed to the Turkey Demographic and Health Surveys?
Who contributed to the Turkey Demographic and Health Surveys?
Which region had the highest prevalence of CEFM in the 1993 TDHS?
Which region had the highest prevalence of CEFM in the 1993 TDHS?
What was the prevalence of CEFM in the North region during the 2003 TDHS?
What was the prevalence of CEFM in the North region during the 2003 TDHS?
In which year did the Central region show a decline in CEFM prevalence compared to the previous survey?
In which year did the Central region show a decline in CEFM prevalence compared to the previous survey?
In the 2018 TDHS, which region had the lowest recorded prevalence of CEFM?
In the 2018 TDHS, which region had the lowest recorded prevalence of CEFM?
Which region maintained a steady prevalence rate across the surveys from 1998 to 2013?
Which region maintained a steady prevalence rate across the surveys from 1998 to 2013?
How much did the West region's CEFM prevalence decrease from 1993 to 2018?
How much did the West region's CEFM prevalence decrease from 1993 to 2018?
Which survey reported a CEFM prevalence of 10% for the Central region?
Which survey reported a CEFM prevalence of 10% for the Central region?
What was the CEFM prevalence change in the South from 2008 to 2013?
What was the CEFM prevalence change in the South from 2008 to 2013?
What does CEFM stand for in relation to early marriage issues?
What does CEFM stand for in relation to early marriage issues?
Which organization is referred to by the abbreviation UNICEF?
Which organization is referred to by the abbreviation UNICEF?
What is the primary focus of the Turkish Civil Code (TCC) regarding CEFM?
What is the primary focus of the Turkish Civil Code (TCC) regarding CEFM?
What is an important reproductive health service mentioned in relation to mothers?
What is an important reproductive health service mentioned in relation to mothers?
Which of the following best describes a factor associated with CEFM?
Which of the following best describes a factor associated with CEFM?
What type of marriage is referred to as consanguineous marriage?
What type of marriage is referred to as consanguineous marriage?
What health aspect is assessed in relation to child health within the content provided?
What health aspect is assessed in relation to child health within the content provided?
What does the term 'fertility preferences' refer to?
What does the term 'fertility preferences' refer to?
What is one of the objectives of the Turkey Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS)?
What is one of the objectives of the Turkey Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS)?
Which of the following figures illustrates the prevalence of marrying before age 18?
Which of the following figures illustrates the prevalence of marrying before age 18?
From which organization can viable statistics on population studies be sourced according to the abbreviations?
From which organization can viable statistics on population studies be sourced according to the abbreviations?
What does the abbreviation 'ANC' represent in this context?
What does the abbreviation 'ANC' represent in this context?
What percentage of young women aged 20-24 were married before the age of 18?
What percentage of young women aged 20-24 were married before the age of 18?
Why is child marriage considered a violation of human rights?
Why is child marriage considered a violation of human rights?
Which of the following is NOT a consequence of Child, Early and Forced Marriages (CEFM)?
Which of the following is NOT a consequence of Child, Early and Forced Marriages (CEFM)?
Which organization focuses on the empowerment of women and gender equality?
Which organization focuses on the empowerment of women and gender equality?
Which international convention specifically addresses the rights of children in relation to issues like CEFM?
Which international convention specifically addresses the rights of children in relation to issues like CEFM?
What is a significant indicator related to the Sustainable Development Goals associated with CEFM?
What is a significant indicator related to the Sustainable Development Goals associated with CEFM?
In terms of gender, who primarily experiences the discrimination associated with CEFM?
In terms of gender, who primarily experiences the discrimination associated with CEFM?
How many girls enter into marriage every year as a result of CEFM according to UNICEF?
How many girls enter into marriage every year as a result of CEFM according to UNICEF?
What is the total number of women worldwide who were married as children?
What is the total number of women worldwide who were married as children?
What aspect does CEFM primarily hinder in relation to girls' lives?
What aspect does CEFM primarily hinder in relation to girls' lives?
What was the percentage of unmet need for family planning among women aged 20-24 who married before age 18 in the most recent data from 2018?
What was the percentage of unmet need for family planning among women aged 20-24 who married before age 18 in the most recent data from 2018?
Between which years did the percentage of women aged 20-24 who married before age 18 showing the source of supply for contraceptive methods peak?
Between which years did the percentage of women aged 20-24 who married before age 18 showing the source of supply for contraceptive methods peak?
What percentage of women in the 20-24 age group did not have information on the use of modern contraceptive methods, according to the latest data?
What percentage of women in the 20-24 age group did not have information on the use of modern contraceptive methods, according to the latest data?
How did the unmet need for family planning change from 1993 to 2013 for women aged 20-24?
How did the unmet need for family planning change from 1993 to 2013 for women aged 20-24?
What percentage of women aged 20-24 who married before age 18 used modern methods according to the 2018-TDHS data?
What percentage of women aged 20-24 who married before age 18 used modern methods according to the 2018-TDHS data?
Which factor has consistently shown a higher unmet need for family planning in women aged 20-24?
Which factor has consistently shown a higher unmet need for family planning in women aged 20-24?
What was the status of unmet need for family planning for women aged 20-24 at the time of the 2003 TDHS?
What was the status of unmet need for family planning for women aged 20-24 at the time of the 2003 TDHS?
As of 2013, how did the proportions of women aged 20-24 using any contraceptive method compare to earlier years?
As of 2013, how did the proportions of women aged 20-24 using any contraceptive method compare to earlier years?
Flashcards
Child Marriage
Child Marriage
The practice of marrying individuals before they reach the legal age of adulthood.
Marrying Age Laws
Marrying Age Laws
Laws and regulations that set a minimum age for marriage.
Social Acceptance of Child Marriage
Social Acceptance of Child Marriage
The acceptance of child marriage within a society, even if it violates laws.
Age at First Marriage
Age at First Marriage
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Education and Child Marriage
Education and Child Marriage
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Percentage of Early Marriages Statistics
Percentage of Early Marriages Statistics
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Child, Early and Forced Marriage in Turkey Study
Child, Early and Forced Marriage in Turkey Study
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Data Analysis of Child Marriage
Data Analysis of Child Marriage
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Turkey Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS)
Turkey Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS)
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Demographics
Demographics
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Marriage
Marriage
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Indicator
Indicator
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Causality Connection
Causality Connection
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Representativeness
Representativeness
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National and International Comparisons
National and International Comparisons
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Childhood
Childhood
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Prevalence of Marriage Before Age 15
Prevalence of Marriage Before Age 15
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TDHS (Turkey Demographic and Health Survey)
TDHS (Turkey Demographic and Health Survey)
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Child, Early and Forced Marriage (CEFM)
Child, Early and Forced Marriage (CEFM)
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CEFM Prevalence
CEFM Prevalence
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Proportion of 16-19 Age Group in First Marriage
Proportion of 16-19 Age Group in First Marriage
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Antenatal Care, Delivery, and Postnatal Care
Antenatal Care, Delivery, and Postnatal Care
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Fertility
Fertility
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Fertility Preferences
Fertility Preferences
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Contraceptive Use
Contraceptive Use
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Use of any Contraceptive Method
Use of any Contraceptive Method
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Terminated Pregnancies
Terminated Pregnancies
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CEFM and Terminated Pregnancies
CEFM and Terminated Pregnancies
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Characteristics before Marriage
Characteristics before Marriage
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Formation of Marriage
Formation of Marriage
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Attitudes of Women
Attitudes of Women
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Women's Relationship with Spouses
Women's Relationship with Spouses
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Is CEFM specific to certain regions?
Is CEFM specific to certain regions?
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How does CEFM violate international agreements?
How does CEFM violate international agreements?
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What are the consequences of CEFM for a child?
What are the consequences of CEFM for a child?
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How does CEFM relate to gender equality?
How does CEFM relate to gender equality?
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How does CEFM affect basic human rights?
How does CEFM affect basic human rights?
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What are the risks of CEFM in relation to sexual and reproductive health?
What are the risks of CEFM in relation to sexual and reproductive health?
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How is CEFM an obstacle to sustainable development?
How is CEFM an obstacle to sustainable development?
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Unmet Need for Family Planning
Unmet Need for Family Planning
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CEFM Prevalence by Region (1993-2018)
CEFM Prevalence by Region (1993-2018)
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Turkish Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS)
Turkish Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS)
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Unmet Need for Family Planning in Early Married Women
Unmet Need for Family Planning in Early Married Women
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Percentage of Early Marriages
Percentage of Early Marriages
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TDHS Year
TDHS Year
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Knowledge of Contraceptive Methods
Knowledge of Contraceptive Methods
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Source of Supply for Contraceptives
Source of Supply for Contraceptives
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Regions of Turkey (TDHS)
Regions of Turkey (TDHS)
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Trends in Unmet Need for Family Planning
Trends in Unmet Need for Family Planning
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Demographic and Health Survey Data
Demographic and Health Survey Data
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Comparison of Unmet Needs for Family Planning
Comparison of Unmet Needs for Family Planning
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National & International Comparisons
National & International Comparisons
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Study Notes
Child, Early and Forced Marriage in Turkey
- This report analyzes Turkey Demographic and Health Surveys (TDHS) data from 1993 to 2018, examining child, early, and forced marriage (CEFM) trends.
- CEFM is a violation of human rights, a significant obstacle to women's empowerment, and linked with negative health, education, and economic outcomes.
- Globally, 12 million girls are married annually before reaching adulthood.
Global Prevalence of CEFM
- Globally, 21% of women aged 20-24 were married before age 18 in 2017.
- Niger has the highest rate of child marriages (76%) worldwide (UNICEF, 2019).
Age at First Marriage and CEFM in Turkey
- The Turkish Civil Code (TCC) mandates a minimum marriage age of 17.
- Judges can authorize a marriage at 16 in exceptional cases.
- The average age at first marriage for women in Turkey has risen since 2010.
Prevalence of CEFM in Turkey
Data show a significant decline in the prevalence of child marriage in Turkey over the past 40 years (1978-2018). However, more recent surveys (2003-2018) demonstrate a less clear trend, implying potential increases in some regions.
CEFM Prevalence by Place of Residence
- Rural areas show higher rates of CEFM.
- Urban areas display a more moderate rate.
CEFM Prevalence by Wealth Index
- A marked increase in CEFM among women in the poorest households.
- CEFM rates tend to decrease as wealth level increases.
CEFM Prevalence by Region
- Southeast Anatolia displays the highest prevalence.
- The West Black Sea displays the lowest prevalence.
Data Sources and Method
- The analysis uses data from 11 nationally representative Turkey Demographic and Health Surveys (TDHSs) from 1978 to 2018.
- The surveys collect standardized data on reproductive health, fertility, socio-demographic factors, and marital issues.
Reproductive Health and Rights
- Knowledge about the fertile period was low for women married prior to age 18, declining between 1993-2018.
- Modern contraceptive use is higher among women that married before age 18 and use contraceptive methods.
Antenatal Care, Delivery and Postnatal Care
- There's a significant increase in the use of antenatal care facilities by younger women married before age 18 since the 1990s.
- Deliveries in public hospitals have increased
- Rates of C-section births decreased among women married before age 18 between 2008 and 2018, with a recent slight increase.
Child Health
- Birth weight for children born to women who married before age 18 has been relatively stable.
- The age at which women give birth to their first child is generally below the recommended standards of the World Health Organization (WHO).
Social and Cultural Factors
- Pre-marital characteristics: Residence, level of education, and whether a marriage was consanguineous.
- Marriage formation: How women met their spouses and whether the marriage decision was made by their families.
- Women's characteristics: Their mother tongue, level of education, working status, and the attitudes they have towards gender equality and violence.
Highlights of TDHS Analyses
- Marriage rates have declined amongst certain groups between 1998 and 2018 in Turkey.
- More girls are marrying before the age of 18 but the number isn't as high as it was in previous surveys.
- Poverty, lack of education and cultural norms continue to be significant factors.
- There appears to be a connection between lower educational attainment and higher rates of early marriage.
- Limited data on the factors of early marriage: Comprehensive investigations into the causes of early marriage are needed to implement impactful policies and strategies to address the issue.
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Description
Explore the socio-cultural factors and consequences of child marriage in Turkey through this quiz. Examine key insights from the Turkey Demographic and Health Surveys and understand the implications for women's rights and societal impacts. Test your knowledge on this critical issue affecting many lives today.
