Podcast
Questions and Answers
A child who consistently uses unusual, repetitive motions, instead of typical play patterns, would be an example of which type of atypical development?
A child who consistently uses unusual, repetitive motions, instead of typical play patterns, would be an example of which type of atypical development?
- Specific developmental delay in motor skills
- Global delay affecting multiple domains
- Developmental deviance or divergence (correct)
- Typical development with slight variations
Which of the following best illustrates the concept of a 'developmental milestone'?
Which of the following best illustrates the concept of a 'developmental milestone'?
- A 10-year-old mastering advanced calculus.
- A child preferring certain foods over others at age 2.
- An adolescent developing a unique fashion sense.
- A 9-month-old sitting without support. (correct)
Why is it crucial for professionals to cautiously employ developmental milestones during assessment?
Why is it crucial for professionals to cautiously employ developmental milestones during assessment?
- Milestones are precisely defined and universally applicable.
- Milestones are only relevant for typically developing children.
- Milestones guarantee accurate identification of developmental delays.
- Milestones must be interpreted within the context of individual and cultural variations. (correct)
Which scenario best exemplifies the concept that development is a combination of genes and environment interacting?
Which scenario best exemplifies the concept that development is a combination of genes and environment interacting?
What is the primary purpose of routine developmental screening at recommended ages?
What is the primary purpose of routine developmental screening at recommended ages?
Even if a child is removed from a dangerous environment, why doesn't it automatically reverse the environment's negative impacts?
Even if a child is removed from a dangerous environment, why doesn't it automatically reverse the environment's negative impacts?
A child demonstrates delays in language, motor skills, and social interaction. This would be described as what kind of delay?
A child demonstrates delays in language, motor skills, and social interaction. This would be described as what kind of delay?
How does the concept of resilience relate to children exposed to adversity or violence?
How does the concept of resilience relate to children exposed to adversity or violence?
Which professional is best suited to interpret milestones and apply them cautiously in assessment?
Which professional is best suited to interpret milestones and apply them cautiously in assessment?
A child who does not speak in phrases by age 3 may be experiencing a developmental:
A child who does not speak in phrases by age 3 may be experiencing a developmental:
Flashcards
Child Development
Child Development
Changes children experience across domains like physical, cognitive, and social as they grow.
Developmental Milestones
Developmental Milestones
Behaviors or skills that emerge at specific ages in most children.
Common Developmental Domains
Common Developmental Domains
Gross motor, fine motor, language, cognition, play, and social skills.
Developmental Delay
Developmental Delay
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Developmental Deviance/Divergence
Developmental Deviance/Divergence
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Developmental Screening
Developmental Screening
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Development Influences
Development Influences
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Key to Healthy Development
Key to Healthy Development
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Resilience
Resilience
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Fostering resilience
Fostering resilience
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Study Notes
- Child development involves changes across multiple domains as children mature.
- Developmental domains have functional relevance.
- Development follows a typical trajectory for most children and adolescents.
- Atypical development can lead to difficulties in daily functioning and learning.
Theoretical Perspectives on Development
- Brain maturation aligns with developmental changes.
- Neuroplasticity, the brain's ability to adapt.
- Erikson's theory includes eight stages of development, each involving tasks/crises that need resolution.
- Successful resolution of crises promotes healthy social development.
- Piaget's theory outlines four age-related stages of cognitive development, focusing on organization and adaptation.
- Vygotsky's sociocultural theory emphasizes the role of culture and social interaction in guiding cognitive development.
- Development is intertwined with social and cultural experiences.
- Bandura's social learning theory highlights behavior, environment, and cognition as key factors in development.
- Observational learning is also a key factor.
- Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory explains that development reflects the influence of environmental systems and their interactions.
Developmental Milestones
- Developmental milestones are behaviors, abilities, or skills that emerge at specific ages in most children and can be easily observed and described.
- Milestones belong to specific functional domains that can be categorized differently.
- Domains include gross motor skills, fine motor skills, language and communication, cognition/problem-solving, play, and social skills.
- Milestones are vital for developmental assessment but require careful interpretation by trained professionals.
12 month milestones
- Social/Emotional: Plays games
- Language/Communication: Waves "bye", Imitates words, Understands "no" briefly
- Cognitive (learning, thinking, problem-solving): Puts things in a cup, Looks for things you hide
- Movement/Physical: Pulls up to stand, Walks with support, Drinks from a cup
- Fine Motor: Picks up small food
Development and Adaption
- Mobility example: Walking
- Adaptive skills example: Problem-solving such as dressing, eating and drinking
- Social Skills example: Theory of mind and social reciprocity
- Language Skills example: Requesting and reciprocal language
Atypical Adaption
- Categorized into:
- Motor Skills
- Cognitive Skills
- Social Skills
- Activities of Daily Living
Determining Atypical Development
- Atypical development is a departure from expected development.
- Delays occur when development is not in the expected timeframe, whether globally or in a specific domain such as a 3 year old with few vocalizations.
- Deviance/Divergence: Development that is qualitatively different than seen in most such as a child diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder who displays stereotypical behavior such as hand flapping
- Developmental screening can detect developmental delays or divergence.
- Use specific, standardized screening tools at at 9, 18, and 24 or 30 months for all children.
- These are designed to identify children at risk for ongoing developmental problems which will result in developmental diagnosis and early intervention to promote developmental progress
Key Points about Child Development
- Family and environmental stress can negatively affect infants and children.
- Development combines genes and environment.
- Children thrive with strong relationships and responsive caregivers.
- Development continues after the first birthday.
- Childhood neglect is a serious threat to development.
- Exposure to adversity or violence does not always lead to maladaptive behavior or mental health problems.
- Removing abuse will not reverse the impact of abuse
- Resilience requires relationships.
- Supportive relationships and positive factors can foster resilience.
- Coping with stress and adversity is important.
- It's never too late to build resilience.
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Description
Child development involves changes across multiple domains. Development follows a typical trajectory, but atypical development can lead to difficulties. Theories from Erikson, Piaget, Vygotsky, and Bandura provide frameworks for understanding these developmental processes.
