Child Development and Piaget's Theory
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Questions and Answers

What is the first stage of cognitive development according to Piaget's model?

  • Formal operational
  • Concrete operational
  • Sensorimotor (correct)
  • Preoperational

    • What is the primary characteristic of the Preoperational stage of cognitive development?

  • Ability to perform mental operations on concrete objects
  • Egocentrism and inability to take the perspective of others (correct)
  • Abstract and logical thinking
  • Reliance on instincts and reflexes to interact with the environment

    • Which of the following is NOT a key aspect of social development in adolescence?

  • Moral development
  • Attainment of social skills
  • Formation of the self-concept
  • Puberty (correct)

    • What is the primary difference between fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence?

    <p>Fluid intelligence is related to problem-solving, while crystallized intelligence is related to existing knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common physical change that occurs in early and middle adulthood?

    <p>Increased cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason that most older adults maintain an active lifestyle and remain as happy or happier than when they were younger?

    <p>Stronger social connections with family and friends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason that fertility, particularly for women, decreases with age?

    <p>Menopause and age-related changes in reproductive organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common age-related brain disease?

    <p>Parkinson's disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that contributes to an infant's survival and growth at birth?

    <p>Reflexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of the Concrete Operational stage of cognitive development?

    <p>Ability to perform mental operations on concrete objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which life stage begins in the 60s according to the text?

    <p>Late adulthood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Kennedy, Mather, and Carstensen (2004) find about people's memories with age?

    <p>Memories become more positive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Myers and Diener (1996), how do older adults generally speak about events in their lives compared to younger adults?

    <p>More positively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Angner, Ray, Saag, & Allison (2009) find regarding older adults and their social connections?

    <p>Older adults increasingly value social connections with family and friends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does research indicate about healthy older adults and memory?

    <p>Some types of memory deficits occur while others remain intact or improve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In late adulthood, what happens to physical, cognitive, and social capabilities according to the text?

    <p>They change faster leading to different needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Older adults do seem to process information more slowly' suggests what about the speed at which older adults process information?

    <p>It may take them longer to evaluate information and understand language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for older adults' slower processing speed and less accurate executive control?

    <p>Accumulation of more knowledge and experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between crystallized and fluid intelligence?

    <p>Crystallized intelligence refers to general knowledge, while fluid intelligence refers to the ability to think and acquire information quickly and abstractly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about dementia and Alzheimer's disease is accurate?

    <p>They are progressive neurological diseases that lead to a loss of cognitive abilities and physical functioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can older adults do to maintain their mental acuity?

    <p>Engage in cognitive activities, maintain social interactions, and keep themselves physically fit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for older adults' superior performance on tasks involving general knowledge, such as crossword puzzles?

    <p>Higher levels of crystallized intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about older adults' cognitive abilities is accurate?

    <p>Older adults perform better on tasks that require experience and general knowledge, but worse on tasks that require fluid intelligence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in dementia and Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Acetylcholine levels decrease, leading to impaired communication between neurons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the causes of dementia and Alzheimer's disease is accurate?

    <p>They are caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cognitive abilities are older adults more effective at compared to younger adults?

    <p>Understanding the nuances of social interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for older adults' difficulty in inhibiting and controlling their attention, according to the text?

    <p>Accumulation of more knowledge and experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

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