Child Development and Piaget's Theory
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Questions and Answers

What is the first stage of cognitive development according to Piaget's model?

  • Formal operational
  • Concrete operational
  • Sensorimotor (correct)
  • Preoperational

What is the primary characteristic of the Preoperational stage of cognitive development?

  • Ability to perform mental operations on concrete objects
  • Egocentrism and inability to take the perspective of others (correct)
  • Abstract and logical thinking
  • Reliance on instincts and reflexes to interact with the environment

Which of the following is NOT a key aspect of social development in adolescence?

  • Moral development
  • Attainment of social skills
  • Formation of the self-concept
  • Puberty (correct)

What is the primary difference between fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence?

<p>Fluid intelligence is related to problem-solving, while crystallized intelligence is related to existing knowledge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common physical change that occurs in early and middle adulthood?

<p>Increased cardiac output (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason that most older adults maintain an active lifestyle and remain as happy or happier than when they were younger?

<p>Stronger social connections with family and friends (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason that fertility, particularly for women, decreases with age?

<p>Menopause and age-related changes in reproductive organs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common age-related brain disease?

<p>Parkinson's disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that contributes to an infant's survival and growth at birth?

<p>Reflexes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of the Concrete Operational stage of cognitive development?

<p>Ability to perform mental operations on concrete objects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which life stage begins in the 60s according to the text?

<p>Late adulthood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do Kennedy, Mather, and Carstensen (2004) find about people's memories with age?

<p>Memories become more positive (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Myers and Diener (1996), how do older adults generally speak about events in their lives compared to younger adults?

<p>More positively (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Angner, Ray, Saag, & Allison (2009) find regarding older adults and their social connections?

<p>Older adults increasingly value social connections with family and friends (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does research indicate about healthy older adults and memory?

<p>Some types of memory deficits occur while others remain intact or improve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In late adulthood, what happens to physical, cognitive, and social capabilities according to the text?

<p>They change faster leading to different needs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Older adults do seem to process information more slowly' suggests what about the speed at which older adults process information?

<p>It may take them longer to evaluate information and understand language (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for older adults' slower processing speed and less accurate executive control?

<p>Accumulation of more knowledge and experience (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between crystallized and fluid intelligence?

<p>Crystallized intelligence refers to general knowledge, while fluid intelligence refers to the ability to think and acquire information quickly and abstractly. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about dementia and Alzheimer's disease is accurate?

<p>They are progressive neurological diseases that lead to a loss of cognitive abilities and physical functioning. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can older adults do to maintain their mental acuity?

<p>Engage in cognitive activities, maintain social interactions, and keep themselves physically fit. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for older adults' superior performance on tasks involving general knowledge, such as crossword puzzles?

<p>Higher levels of crystallized intelligence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about older adults' cognitive abilities is accurate?

<p>Older adults perform better on tasks that require experience and general knowledge, but worse on tasks that require fluid intelligence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in dementia and Alzheimer's disease?

<p>Acetylcholine levels decrease, leading to impaired communication between neurons. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the causes of dementia and Alzheimer's disease is accurate?

<p>They are caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cognitive abilities are older adults more effective at compared to younger adults?

<p>Understanding the nuances of social interactions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for older adults' difficulty in inhibiting and controlling their attention, according to the text?

<p>Accumulation of more knowledge and experience (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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