Chest Examination Findings in Respiratory Disorders
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Questions and Answers

Which type of breath sound is characterized by soft and low-pitched sounds heard throughout inspiration and fading away about one third of the way through expiration?

  • Bronchial
  • Bronchovesicular
  • Vesicular (correct)
  • Tracheal
  • Which breath sound type has inspiratory and expiratory sounds almost equal in length, sometimes separated by a silent interval?

  • Tracheal
  • Bronchial
  • Bronchovesicular (correct)
  • Vesicular
  • During which phase of respiration is it easier to detect differences in pitch and intensity of breath sounds?

  • Exhalation (correct)
  • Inspiration
  • Neither, it is equally easy in both phases
  • It depends on the patient's health condition
  • What type of breath sound is characterized by loud, harsh sounds with a short silence between inspiratory and expiratory sounds?

    <p>Bronchial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which breath sound type's expiratory sounds last longer than inspiratory sounds?

    <p>Bronchial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What maneuver can be done to reproduce tracheal breath sounds on yourself?

    <p>Valsalva maneuver (straining down)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What conditions can lead to lateral displacement of the trachea?

    <p>Pneumothorax, pleural effusion, atelectasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which conditions might the anteroposterior (AP) diameter to lateral chest diameter ratio exceed 0.9?

    <p>COPD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause a barrel-chest appearance in individuals?

    <p>COPD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition can lead to asymmetric expansion in the chest during breathing?

    <p>Large pleural effusions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following might cause abnormal muscle retraction of the intercostal spaces during inspiration?

    <p>Severe asthma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Unilateral impairment or lagging in respiratory movement may suggest which of the following conditions?

    <p>Asbestosis or silicosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause tenderness over the intercostal muscles?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term "crepitus" refer to?

    <p>A crackling or grinding sound over bones, joints, or skin, with or without pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following findings might suggest an underlying infection?

    <p>Sinus tracts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is chest expansion assessed during the physical examination?

    <p>By placing the thumbs at the level of the 10th ribs and observing the distance they move apart during inspiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the movement of the rib cage during inspiration?

    <p>Lung excursion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following findings might be observed in mediastinitis?

    <p>Crepitus and chest wall edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of wheezes in terms of pitch and quality?

    <p>High-pitched with hissing or shrill quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with sounds from secretions in large airways that may change with coughing?

    <p>Rhonchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can fine late inspiratory crackles that persist from breath to breath suggest?

    <p>Abnormal lung tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the crackles of heart failure usually best heard?

    <p>Posterior inferior lung fields</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the persistence of crackles, wheezes, or rhonchi after coughing or position change suggest?

    <p>Inspissated secretions seen in bronchitis or atelectasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term is used to describe sounds from secretions in large airways that may change with coughing?

    <p>Rhonchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the most common adventitious sounds described in the text?

    <p>Crackles, wheezes, and rhonchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between fine crackles and coarse crackles?

    <p>Fine crackles are softer and higher in pitch, while coarse crackles are louder and lower in pitch.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between crackles and wheezes/rhonchi according to the text?

    <p>Crackles are discontinuous, while wheezes and rhonchi are continuous.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions can cause crackles according to the text?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the American Thoracic Society's recommendation regarding the term "rhonchi"?

    <p>The term &quot;rhonchi&quot; should not be used, as it is an outdated and imprecise term.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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