Chemistry Viva Questions on Functional Groups and Tests
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Questions and Answers

What is the Lucas reagent composed of?

  • Zinc chloride and sodium hydroxide
  • Zinc sulfate and dilute hydrochloric acid
  • Zinc sulfate and concentrated hydrochloric acid
  • Zinc chloride and concentrated hydrochloric acid (correct)

Which organic compound is identified by the Ceric ammonium nitrate test?

  • Carboxylic acid
  • Aldehyde
  • Alcohol (correct)
  • Phenol

Which type of alcohol gives immediate turbidity with Lucas reagent?

  • Primary alcohol
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Tertiary alcohol (correct)
  • Aromatic alcohol

What is the purpose of the 2,4-DNPH test?

<p>To differentiate aldehydes and ketones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which test is used to differentiate between 3 types of alcohols?

<p>Lucas test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which reagent is used to differentiate primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols?

<p>Lucas reagent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the test used for identifying primary amines?

<p>Carbylamine test (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What gas is liberated in the sodium bicarbonate test for carboxylic acids?

<p>Carbon dioxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which functional group gives a pink color in the Phthalein test?

<p>Phenol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of organic compound is identified by 2,4-DNP reagent?

<p>Carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of Lucas reagent used to differentiate between 3 types of alcohols?

<p>Anhydrous zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of alcohol gives immediate turbidity with Lucas reagent?

<p>Tertiary alcohols (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 2,4-DNPH test?

<p>To distinguish between aldehydes and ketones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which functional group gives a pink color in the Phthalein test?

<p>Carboxylic acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organic compound is identified by the Ceric ammonium nitrate test?

<p>Alcohols (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which test is used to identify carboxylic acids?

<p>Esterification test (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What gas is liberated in the sodium bicarbonate test for carboxylic acids?

<p>Carbon dioxide (CO2) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organic compound gives a silver mirror with Tollen's reagent?

<p>Aldehydes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What colour is observed when aldehydes are heated with 2,4-DNP reagent?

<p>Crystalline orange precipitate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organic compound is identified by performing the Carbylamine test?

<p>Primary amines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Lucas test

A chemical test that distinguishes between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols based on their reactivity with Lucas reagent (ZnCl2 and HCl).

Lucas reagent

A reagent composed of anhydrous zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) used to distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols by observing the rate of turbidity formation.

Tertiary alcohols

Alcohols that react quickly with Lucas reagent, forming immediate turbidity. They contain the hydroxyl group attached to a tertiary carbon atom.

Ceric ammonium nitrate test

A chemical test that identifies alcohols by the formation of a colored complex with ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) reagent.

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2,4-DNPH test

A method differentiating between aldehydes and ketones by reacting them with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH).

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Carbylamine test

A chemical test for primary amines that produces an offensive odor (carbylamine) when the amine reacts with chloroform and a strong base.

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Sodium bicarbonate test

A chemical test that identifies carboxylic acids by reacting them with sodium bicarbonate. The reaction releases carbon dioxide gas, indicating the presence of a carboxylic acid.

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Esterification test

A test used for identifying carboxylic acids by converting them into esters, reacting a carboxylic acid with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst like concentrated sulfuric acid.

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Phthalein test

A chemical test that identifies phenols by reacting them with Phthalein reagent. A distinctive pink color is produced when phenols are present.

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Tollen's test

A test used for identifying aldehydes by reacting them with Tollen's reagent (Ag(NH3)2+). A positive result is indicated by the formation of a silver mirror on the walls of the reaction vessel.

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Carbonyl compounds

A group of organic compounds containing a carbonyl group (C=O). This group includes aldehydes and ketones.

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Aldehydes & ketones

Organic compounds that react with 2,4-DNP reagent to form a characteristic crystalline orange precipitate, indicating their presence.

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Carboxylic acids

An organic compound that reacts with 2,4-DNP reagent to form a yellow or orange precipitate, confirming the presence of carboxylic acids.

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Secondary alcohols

A type of alcohol that reacts with Lucas reagent at a moderate speed, showing visible turbidity after several minutes.

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Primary alcohols

A type of alcohol that reacts very slowly with Lucas reagent, taking a long time to form turbidity.

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Carbylamine test

A chemical test used to identify primary amines by reacting them with chloroform and a strong base, leading to the formation of an isocyanide (carbylamine) with a foul odor.

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Carbon dioxide

The gas released when carboxylic acids react with sodium bicarbonate. It creates a fizzing effect indicating a positive result.

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Primary amines

Organic compounds characterized by the presence of an -NH2 functional group, called an amino group.

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Tollen's reagent

A chemical reagent used for testing the presence of aldehydes. It forms a silver mirror on the inside of the test tube when reacted with aldehydes.

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Study Notes

Identification of Organic Compounds

  • The Lucas reagent is composed of zinc chloride and hydrogen chloride (HCl).
  • The Ceric ammonium nitrate test is used to identify aldehydes.
  • Tertiary alcohols give immediate turbidity with Lucas reagent.

Identification of Alcohols

  • The Lucas reagent is used to differentiate between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols.

Identification of Amines

  • The test used to identify primary amines is the Carbylamine test.

Identification of Carboxylic Acids

  • The sodium bicarbonate test is used to identify carboxylic acids.
  • Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas is liberated in the sodium bicarbonate test for carboxylic acids.

Identification of Other Compounds

  • The 2,4-DNPH (2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine) test is used to identify aldehydes and ketones.
  • A yellow, orange, or red color is observed when aldehydes and ketones are heated with 2,4-DNP reagent.
  • The Phthalein test is used to identify phenols, which give a pink color.
  • The 2,4-DNP reagent is used to identify aldehydes and ketones.
  • Aldehydes give a silver mirror with Tollen's reagent.

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Test your knowledge of practical examination viva questions related to functional groups like alcohol, phenol, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, primary amines and their respective tests such as Ceric ammonium nitrate test, Lucas test, 2,4-DNPH test, and more.

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