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Chemistry: Hydroxyl and Carbonyl Functional Groups

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Questions and Answers

What is a hydroxyl group?

A functional group with two hydrogen and one oxygen atom
A functional group with no hydrogen and one oxygen atom
A functional group with one hydrogen and one oxygen atom (correct)
A functional group with one hydrogen and two oxygen atoms

Where is the carbonyl group found?

In carbohydrates, fats, proteins, nucleic acids, hormones, and vitamins (correct)
Only in carbohydrates
Only in fats
Only in proteins

What is the meaning of the term 'saccharide'?

It means 'sugar' in Greek (correct)
It means 'water' in Greek
It means 'acid' in Greek
It means 'salt' in Greek

Which of the following statements about monosaccharides is true?

They cannot be broken down into smaller carbohydrate molecules (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is an aldose?

A monosaccharide with an aldehyde functional group (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the groups R, R', R'' in organic chemistry?

They represent alkyl or organic groups in a molecule (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of ketoses?

The presence of a ketone group as the functional group (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe molecules that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other?

Chiral (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about achiral molecules is correct?

Both of the above (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Fischer projection formula?

To represent the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about D- and L-monosaccharides is correct?

D-monosaccharides have the -OH group on the penultimate carbon on the right (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a pair of molecules that are mirror images of each other but cannot be superimposed?

Enantiomers (C) Signup and view all the answers

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