Chemistry: Hydroxyl and Carbonyl Functional Groups
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Questions and Answers

What is a hydroxyl group?

  • A functional group with two hydrogen and one oxygen atom
  • A functional group with no hydrogen and one oxygen atom
  • A functional group with one hydrogen and one oxygen atom (correct)
  • A functional group with one hydrogen and two oxygen atoms

Where is the carbonyl group found?

  • In carbohydrates, fats, proteins, nucleic acids, hormones, and vitamins (correct)
  • Only in carbohydrates
  • Only in fats
  • Only in proteins

What is the meaning of the term 'saccharide'?

  • It means 'sugar' in Greek (correct)
  • It means 'water' in Greek
  • It means 'acid' in Greek
  • It means 'salt' in Greek

Which of the following statements about monosaccharides is true?

<p>They cannot be broken down into smaller carbohydrate molecules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an aldose?

<p>A monosaccharide with an aldehyde functional group (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the groups R, R', R'' in organic chemistry?

<p>They represent alkyl or organic groups in a molecule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of ketoses?

<p>The presence of a ketone group as the functional group (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe molecules that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other?

<p>Chiral (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about achiral molecules is correct?

<p>Both of the above (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Fischer projection formula?

<p>To represent the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about D- and L-monosaccharides is correct?

<p>D-monosaccharides have the -OH group on the penultimate carbon on the right (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a pair of molecules that are mirror images of each other but cannot be superimposed?

<p>Enantiomers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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