Chemistry Titration Terms Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the role of a titrant in a titration?

It is the solution to which the titrant is added.

It indicates when the end point of the reaction is reached.

It is the solution added or reagent generated in a titration. (correct)

It is an ultrapure compound serving as a reference material.

What does the equivalence point signify in a titration?

The point where the indicator changes color.

The point when the titrant is completely consumed.

The amount of standard reagent is equivalent to the amount of analyte. (correct)

The endpoint of the reaction.

Which statement best describes a back-titration?

A procedure where excess titrant is removed before titration.

A titration process that involves a second standard solution. (correct)

A titration performed to correct for systematic errors.

A method using only one standard solution.

What defines a primary standard in titrations?

An ultrapure compound serving as a reference material. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a blank titration?

To correct for any errors in the titration process. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of titration methods?

To measure the volume of a solution needed to react completely with an analyte Signup and view all the answers

Which type of titration measures the volume of a solution of known concentration?

Volumetric titration Signup and view all the answers

In which type of titration is a constant electrical current used as the reagent?

Coulometric titration Signup and view all the answers

What does the equivalence point in a titration process signify?

The point at which moles of titrant equals moles of analyte Signup and view all the answers

What type of titration uses the mass of a reagent instead of its volume?

Gravimetric titration Signup and view all the answers

Which axis represents the pH of the analyte solution in a titration graph?

Y-axis Signup and view all the answers

What is a reagent solution in the context of titration known as?

A titrant Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary measurement in coulometric titrations?

Total charge (current x time) Signup and view all the answers

What is the pKa value of phenolphthalein?

9.6 Signup and view all the answers

Which indicator is suitable for use in a titration with an endpoint pH around 8.75?

phenol red Signup and view all the answers

What type of acid-base titration is exemplified by the titration of acetic acid with sodium hydroxide?

Weak acid with strong base Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of acid-base titrations in industrial processes?

To monitor pH levels in reactions Signup and view all the answers

Which indicator has a color change range between pH 2.8 and 4.6?

bromo-phenol blue Signup and view all the answers

In the Kjeldahl method, which acid is used to digest carbonaceous material?

Sulfuric acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the low pH color of methyl orange?

Red Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction is utilized in redox titrations?

Oxidation-reduction reaction Signup and view all the answers

Which apparatus is NOT typically used in a titration process?

Thermometer Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the indicator in a titration?

To show when the end point is reached Signup and view all the answers

What is a common disadvantage of performing titrations?

Requires large volumes of solutions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the precision of titration results?

0.1-1% Signup and view all the answers

How is the end point of titration typically identified?

When the indicator changes color Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with the burette before starting a titration?

Read the initial volume to the nearest 0.01 mL Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following solutions is used as an indicator in the titration example provided?

Phenolphthalein Signup and view all the answers

What happens if too much titrant is added during the titration?

The indicator changes to a deep pink color Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of redox titrations?

To determine the concentration of an unknown solution containing an oxidizing or reducing agent Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of complexometric titrations?

They often use a colored complex to detect endpoints Signup and view all the answers

What technique is used when an analyte is partially precipitated during EDTA titration?

Back titration Signup and view all the answers

In which field are EDTA titrations commonly applied?

In a wide range of chemical analyses including food and petroleum products Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of silver nitrate in precipitation titrations?

To act as a reagent that forms insoluble silver salts Signup and view all the answers

What is a suitable indicator for EDTA titrations involving calcium or magnesium ions?

Eriochem black T Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about precipitation titrations is false?

They always form soluble complexes. Signup and view all the answers

What type of analysis can redox titrations provide assistance in?

Assay of unformulated drugs Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Definitions of Terms

Titration: A laboratory method to determine the concentration of an analyte by finding the equivalence point.
Titrant: The solution, usually of known concentration, that is added during the titration.
Titrand: The solution being titrated, to which the titrant is added.
End Point: The stage in the titration when an observable change occurs, suggesting the equivalence point has been reached.
Equivalence Point: When the amount of titrant added is stoichiometrically equivalent to the amount of analyte present.
Indicator: A chemical or device that signifies when the end point of the titration is reached through a color change.
Standard Solution: A solution with a precisely known concentration used for titration analyses.
Back-titration: A technique used when the reaction with the analyte is slow; excess titrant reacts with the analyte, which is then determined by titration with another solution.
Primary Standard: An ultrapure compound used as a reference for titrations.
Secondary Standard: A compound whose purity is established through analysis and is used as a working standard in titrations.
Blank Titration: A titration conducted without analyte to calibrate and correct for errors in measurement.

Titration Methods and Types

Titration methods determine the amount of a known reagent required to completely react with an analyte, utilizing either volumetric or coulometric techniques.
Volumetric Titrations: Measure the volume of titrant needed for complete reaction.
Gravimetric Titrations: Measure the mass of titrant instead of its volume.
Coulometric Titrations: Involve measuring electric charge to determine the analyte's concentration.

Titrimetry

Titrimetry encompasses quantitative procedures using the amount of titrant consumed in reactions with analytes.
Increments of titrant are added to the analyte until the reaction reaches completion.

Graphical Representation

The pH of the analyte solution is plotted against the volume of titrant added, showing a steep curve at the equivalence point, indicating the amount of titrant equal to the moles of analyte.

Principles and Apparatus

Rapid reactions between analytes and reagents reach the stoichiometric point through visual, precipitation, or electrochemical indicators.
Common apparatus includes burettes, pipettes, volumetric flasks, balances, and electrodes.

Applications

Widely used in industrial and research settings for precise analysis, including the determination of acidic/basic impurities, reaction condition monitoring, and mineral analysis.

Disadvantages

Challenges include the need for large solution volumes, instability of some reagents, and the requirement for clean glassware.

Steps in Titration

Setup includes burettes and a flask with a known analyte volume, often with an indicator added.
The initial burette volume is recorded, and titrant is added gradually until the end point is reached, indicated by a persistent color change in the indicator.

Acid-Base Titrations

Selection of indicators is based on the expected pH at the titration's end point.
Acid-base titrations monitor the manufacturing processes to ensure quality in products within various industries.

Redox Titrations

These titrations leverage oxidation-reduction reactions to ascertain unknown concentrations in solutions containing oxidizing or reducing agents.

Complexometric Titrations

Utilize colored complexes for end point detection, often through EDTA procedures for various metal ions.
EDTA can dynamically bind to over thirty metal ions, offering versatility in chemical analysis.

Precipitation Titrations

This method forms an insoluble precipitate during titration and is primarily used for determining halide ions.
Silver nitrate is a commonly used reagent in precipitation titrations for its characteristic solubility behavior.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key terms related to titration in chemistry. This quiz includes definitions for titrant, titrand, equivalence point, and more. Perfect for students looking to understand the concepts used in laboratory analyses.