Chemistry Specification Points and Concepts Quiz

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What are the three types of subatomic particles that make up atoms?

Protons, electrons, and photons

Protons, neutrons, and electrons (correct)

Neutrons, electrons, and positrons

Protons, neutrinos, and neutrons

Where are most of the mass of an atom concentrated?

In the protons

In the electrons

In the nucleus (correct)

In the neutrons

Which term refers to the combined number of protons and neutrons in an atom?

Molar mass

Atomic configuration

Mass spectrometry

Mass number (correct)

What is the correct order of subatomic particles in terms of mass (from heaviest to lightest)?

Protons > Neutrons > Electrons Signup and view all the answers

Which subatomic particle carries a positive charge?

Proton Signup and view all the answers

What is the main location of electrons in an atom?

Orbitals around the nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of filling orbitals based on energy levels?

4s, 3d, 5d, 7p Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of electrons that can fill a single atomic orbital?

2 Signup and view all the answers

Which orbital has the lowest energy level among the following?

4s Signup and view all the answers

According to the Aufbau principle, how are atomic orbitals filled?

The lowest available energy level is filled first. Signup and view all the answers

How many sub-shells are there in an atom with electron configuration 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²?

2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ionisation energy?

To measure the energy required to remove an electron from an atom to form an ion Signup and view all the answers

What property of atoms do successive ionisation energies provide evidence for?

Shell structure Signup and view all the answers

How do successive ionisation energies change within each shell?

They increase Signup and view all the answers

What effect does increasing atomic radii have on ionisation energies?

Decreases ionisation energy Signup and view all the answers

How does nuclear charge affect the attractive force on outer electrons?

Increases it Signup and view all the answers

Why do ionisation energies decrease across a group?

Number of shells increases Signup and view all the answers

What causes big jumps in ionisation energies between shells?

Removing an electron from a closer shell Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical formula of the alcohol produced from the hydration of ethene?

C2H5OH Signup and view all the answers

Which products are formed when alcohols are combusted as a fuel source?

CO2 and H2O Signup and view all the answers

What happens when alcohols are dehydrated using a concentrated acid catalyst?

They form alkenes and water Signup and view all the answers

How can the presence of alkenes be tested using bromine water?

Orange color turns to colorless Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of the process of forming addition polymers from alkenes?

High pressure leads to high energy costs Signup and view all the answers

Why is advanced equipment needed for the process of producing ethanol from ethene?

To test for optical isomerism Signup and view all the answers

What is the general formula for esters?

RCOOR' Signup and view all the answers

How are esters formed?

By reacting alcohols with carboxylic acids in the presence of a sulphuric acid catalyst Signup and view all the answers

What happens during acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of esters?

Formation of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol Signup and view all the answers