Chemistry Specification Points and Concepts Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the three types of subatomic particles that make up atoms?

  • Protons, electrons, and photons
  • Protons, neutrons, and electrons (correct)
  • Neutrons, electrons, and positrons
  • Protons, neutrinos, and neutrons

    • Where are most of the mass of an atom concentrated?

  • In the protons
  • In the electrons
  • In the nucleus (correct)
  • In the neutrons

    • Which term refers to the combined number of protons and neutrons in an atom?

  • Molar mass
  • Atomic configuration
  • Mass spectrometry
  • Mass number (correct)

    • What is the correct order of subatomic particles in terms of mass (from heaviest to lightest)?

    <p>Protons &gt; Neutrons &gt; Electrons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subatomic particle carries a positive charge?

    <p>Proton (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main location of electrons in an atom?

    <p>Orbitals around the nucleus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct order of filling orbitals based on energy levels?

    <p>4s, 3d, 5d, 7p (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of electrons that can fill a single atomic orbital?

    <p>2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which orbital has the lowest energy level among the following?

    <p>4s (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Aufbau principle, how are atomic orbitals filled?

    <p>The lowest available energy level is filled first. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many sub-shells are there in an atom with electron configuration 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²?

    <p>2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of ionisation energy?

    <p>To measure the energy required to remove an electron from an atom to form an ion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property of atoms do successive ionisation energies provide evidence for?

    <p>Shell structure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do successive ionisation energies change within each shell?

    <p>They increase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does increasing atomic radii have on ionisation energies?

    <p>Decreases ionisation energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does nuclear charge affect the attractive force on outer electrons?

    <p>Increases it (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do ionisation energies decrease across a group?

    <p>Number of shells increases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes big jumps in ionisation energies between shells?

    <p>Removing an electron from a closer shell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical formula of the alcohol produced from the hydration of ethene?

    <p>C2H5OH (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which products are formed when alcohols are combusted as a fuel source?

    <p>CO2 and H2O (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when alcohols are dehydrated using a concentrated acid catalyst?

    <p>They form alkenes and water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the presence of alkenes be tested using bromine water?

    <p>Orange color turns to colorless (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of the process of forming addition polymers from alkenes?

    <p>High pressure leads to high energy costs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is advanced equipment needed for the process of producing ethanol from ethene?

    <p>To test for optical isomerism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general formula for esters?

    <p>RCOOR' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are esters formed?

    <p>By reacting alcohols with carboxylic acids in the presence of a sulphuric acid catalyst (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of esters?

    <p>Formation of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which functional group do carboxylic acids contain?

    <p>-COOH (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product when acyl chlorides react with alcohols?

    <p>Esters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of an acid anhydride?

    <p>A double ester sharing an oxygen atom (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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