Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is defined as anything that occupies space (volume) and has mass (weight)?
Which of the following is defined as anything that occupies space (volume) and has mass (weight)?
How many of the 118 elements are naturally occurring on Earth?
How many of the 118 elements are naturally occurring on Earth?
98
Which of the following are the basic building blocks of all matter?
Which of the following are the basic building blocks of all matter?
What element is represented by the symbol H?
What element is represented by the symbol H?
Signup and view all the answers
An example of an elemental molecule is ___________.
An example of an elemental molecule is ___________.
Signup and view all the answers
As the basic unit of matter, __________ cannot be divided into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means.
As the basic unit of matter, __________ cannot be divided into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means.
Signup and view all the answers
Rusting iron and burning wood are examples of a change in what type of properties?
Rusting iron and burning wood are examples of a change in what type of properties?
Signup and view all the answers
An example of a physical change is __________.
An example of a physical change is __________.
Signup and view all the answers
An example of a chemical change is __________.
An example of a chemical change is __________.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is an example of a pure substance?
Which of the following is an example of a pure substance?
Signup and view all the answers
__________, also known as alkalis, are compounds of hydrogen, a metal, and oxygen.
__________, also known as alkalis, are compounds of hydrogen, a metal, and oxygen.
Signup and view all the answers
A __________ is a stable, uniform mixture of two or more mixable substances that is made by dissolving a solid, liquid, or gaseous substance in another substance.
A __________ is a stable, uniform mixture of two or more mixable substances that is made by dissolving a solid, liquid, or gaseous substance in another substance.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following allows oil and water to mix or emulsify by reducing surface tension?
Which of the following allows oil and water to mix or emulsify by reducing surface tension?
Signup and view all the answers
An example of a water-in-oil emulsion is __________.
An example of a water-in-oil emulsion is __________.
Signup and view all the answers
__________ are examples of emulsions used in beauty services.
__________ are examples of emulsions used in beauty services.
Signup and view all the answers
The tail of a surfactant molecule is __________, or oil loving.
The tail of a surfactant molecule is __________, or oil loving.
Signup and view all the answers
Nail polish, with glitter that can separate from the polish, is an example of a(n) __________.
Nail polish, with glitter that can separate from the polish, is an example of a(n) __________.
Signup and view all the answers
Water-in-oil emulsions feel __________ than oil-in-water emulsions.
Water-in-oil emulsions feel __________ than oil-in-water emulsions.
Signup and view all the answers
What ingredient is used to raise the pH in hair products?
What ingredient is used to raise the pH in hair products?
Signup and view all the answers
Volatile organic compounds contain __________ and evaporate very easily.
Volatile organic compounds contain __________ and evaporate very easily.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide?
What is the chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide?
Signup and view all the answers
The pH scale is _________.
The pH scale is _________.
Signup and view all the answers
A(n) __________ charged ion is called an anion.
A(n) __________ charged ion is called an anion.
Signup and view all the answers
The pH scale measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in acidic and alkaline __________ solutions.
The pH scale measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in acidic and alkaline __________ solutions.
Signup and view all the answers
What does a pH below 7 indicate?
What does a pH below 7 indicate?
Signup and view all the answers
The letters pH denote __________, which is the relative degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance.
The letters pH denote __________, which is the relative degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance.
Signup and view all the answers
Solutions that do not contain water, such as alcohol or oil, do not have ___________.
Solutions that do not contain water, such as alcohol or oil, do not have ___________.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the average pH for hair and skin?
What is the average pH for hair and skin?
Signup and view all the answers
Alkalis tend to __________ the hair.
Alkalis tend to __________ the hair.
Signup and view all the answers
__________ refers to either the loss of oxygen or the addition of hydrogen.
__________ refers to either the loss of oxygen or the addition of hydrogen.
Signup and view all the answers
When oxygen is chemically combined with a substance, the substance is __________.
When oxygen is chemically combined with a substance, the substance is __________.
Signup and view all the answers
Oxidation and reduction always occur simultaneously and are referred to as a(n) __________ reaction.
Oxidation and reduction always occur simultaneously and are referred to as a(n) __________ reaction.
Signup and view all the answers
What type of chemical reaction requires the absorption of energy or heat from an external source for the reaction to actually occur?
What type of chemical reaction requires the absorption of energy or heat from an external source for the reaction to actually occur?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of chemical reaction balances pH and results in the production of water and a salt?
What type of chemical reaction balances pH and results in the production of water and a salt?
Signup and view all the answers
The Safety Data Sheet (SDS) contains _________ categories of information.
The Safety Data Sheet (SDS) contains _________ categories of information.
Signup and view all the answers
On a Safety Data Sheet (SDS), which category would include risks of exposure, related symptoms, and acute and chronic effects?
On a Safety Data Sheet (SDS), which category would include risks of exposure, related symptoms, and acute and chronic effects?
Signup and view all the answers
As part of the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) categories, first-aid measures include important symptoms/effects, as well as ___________.
As part of the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) categories, first-aid measures include important symptoms/effects, as well as ___________.
Signup and view all the answers
The location you use for mixing chemicals must be __________.
The location you use for mixing chemicals must be __________.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Chemistry and Chemical Safety
- Matter: Defined as anything that occupies space and has mass.
- Elements: There are 118 known elements, with 98 naturally occurring on Earth.
- Atoms: The basic building blocks of all matter, indivisible by ordinary chemical means.
- Hydrogen (H): The chemical symbol for hydrogen.
- Elemental Molecule: An example is atmospheric oxygen (O₂).
- Chemical Properties: Changes like rusting iron and burning wood reflect chemical properties.
- Physical Change: An example is ice melting to water.
- Chemical Change: Illustrated by the oxidation of hair color products.
- Pure Substance: An example is salt (sodium chloride).
- Bases: Also known as alkalis, composed of hydrogen, a metal, and oxygen.
- Solution: A stable, uniform mixture of two or more mixable substances.
- Surfactants: Compounds that allow oil and water to mix by reducing surface tension.
- Emulsions: Water-in-oil emulsions include products like cold cream; shampoos and conditioners are common emulsions in beauty services.
- Surfactant Molecules: Have a lipophilic (oil-loving) tail.
- Suspensions: Nail polish with glitter is an example of a suspension, as the components can separate.
- Emulsion Texture: Water-in-oil emulsions feel greasier than oil-in-water emulsions.
- Ammonia: Used to raise pH in hair products for better penetration into the hair shaft.
- Volatile Organic Compounds: Contain carbon and evaporate easily.
- Oxidation: A reaction that produces an oxide by combining a substance with oxygen.
- pH Scale: Logarithmic scale that measures hydrogen ion concentration in acidic and alkaline water-based solutions.
- Acidity: A pH below 7 indicates an acidic solution.
- Potential Hydrogen: The letters pH denote this concept, reflecting acidity or alkalinity.
- Non-aqueous Solutions: Solutions that do not contain water, such as alcohol or oil, do not have a pH value.
- Average pH: The average pH for hair and skin is around 5.
- Alkali Effect on Hair: Alkalis tend to swell the hair.
- Reduction: Refers to the loss of oxygen or the addition of hydrogen in a reaction.
- Oxidation Process: A substance becomes oxidized when it is chemically combined with oxygen.
- Redox Reactions: Oxidation and reduction reactions occur simultaneously.
- Endothermic Reactions: Reactions that require energy or heat absorption from an external source.
- Acid-Alkali Neutralization: Balances pH and results in water and salt production.
- Safety Data Sheet (SDS): Contains 16 categories of information crucial for handling chemicals.
- Toxicological Information: Includes exposure risks and related symptoms on the SDS.
- First Aid Measures: Provide important instructions and symptoms in case of exposure on the SDS.
- Chemical Mixing Location: Must be well-ventilated to ensure safety during chemical handling.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on chemistry and chemical safety with this Milady Chapter 6 exam. Covering key concepts such as matter, elements, and atoms, this quiz serves as an essential review for anyone studying chemistry in the beauty industry.
