Chemistry Solutions Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes a solution?

A homogeneous mixture where all substances are visible with a microscope.
A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances that cannot be mechanically separated. (correct)
A mixture that only contains two substances.
A heterogeneous mixture where substances can be mechanically separated.

In a solution, what is best described as the 'solute'?

The substance that is dissolved. (correct)
The substance that dissolves another substance.
The substance that is readily available.
The container the substance is in.

Which of the following properties does NOT describe an aqueous solution?

Conductivity.
pH.
Ability to be filtered. (correct)
Solubility.

A substance that is considered 'slightly soluble' is likely what type of compound?

Molecular. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean for a substance to be considered an 'electrolyte'?

It is conductive when dissolved in water. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a non-electrolyte when dissolved in water?

Sugar, <code>C6H12O6 (aq)</code> (A) Signup and view all the answers

What color will litmus paper turn when it comes into contact with an acid?

Red (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH value of a neutral solution?

7 (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to the Arrhenius Theory, what occurs when a substance dissolves?

The individual particles of the substance separate from each other (B) Signup and view all the answers

When a very soluble ionic compound dissolves, what process occurs?

Dissociation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct dissociation equation for copper (II) chloride?

CuCl2(s) → Cu2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following compounds is expected to remain as a solid and NOT dissociate in water?

Silver bromide, AgBr (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes what happens to soluble molecular compounds with hydrogen bonding when dissolved in water?

They remain as neutral compound particles. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What process converts neutral atoms into ions?

Ionization (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following characteristics is NOT typical of insoluble molecular compounds?

They dissociate into ions. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How do strong acids behave in solution?

They completely ionize into hydrogen and counter ions. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of slightly soluble ionic compounds?

They remain as solid compounds. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct dissociation equation for ammonium carbonate?

(NH4)2CO3(s) → 2NH4+(aq) + CO32-(aq) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the behaviour of a weak acid when dissolved in water?

It dissolves but does not completely ionize. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a major entity present in a solution?

Gaseous compounds (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does the behavior of a substance during dissolution differ between an electrolyte and a non-electrolyte?

Electrolytes dissociate into ions, resulting in conductivity, whereas non-electrolytes do not and remain as molecules. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the behavior of a polar molecular substance versus a non-polar molecular substance when introduced into water?

Polar compounds dissolve due to a 'like dissolves like' interaction, while non-polar compounds do not dissolve. (B) Signup and view all the answers

For a substance that is termed 'slightly soluble,' which characteristic is typically expected?

It will be in a solid form and not dissociate readily in water. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does an acid differ from a base in terms of its effect on litmus paper and ion concentration in a solution?

Acids turn litmus red and increase $H^+$ concentration, while bases turn litmus blue and increase $OH^-$ concentration. (D) Signup and view all the answers

If a substance does not change the color of litmus, what can be generally inferred about its pH and chemical nature?

It has a pH of 7 and is considered neutral. (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to the principles of 'like dissolves like,' which of the following scenarios is most probable?

A polar solute dissolving in a polar solvent. (C) Signup and view all the answers

During dissociation of ionic compounds in water as described by Arrhenius’ theory, what is the key process occurring at the submicroscopic level?

The separation of ions from the ionic crystal lattice into the solution. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Given the reaction $NaCl(s) \rightarrow Na^+(aq) + Cl^-(aq)$, what is the driving force for this process according to what you know of the nature of solutions?

The dissociation of the crystal into solvated ions. (D) Signup and view all the answers

How would one expect the conductivity of an aqueous solution containing a molecular substance to change as the amount of the substance dissolved increases?

The conductivity remains constant at zero because solutions from molecular substances are non-conducting. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cannot be separated through mechanical means?

A solution of salt and water (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents the correct dissociation of iron (III) nitrate in water?

Fe(NO3)3 (s) → Fe3+ (aq) + 3NO3- (aq) (B) Signup and view all the answers

A solution is prepared by dissolving $C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}$ in water. What are the major entities present in this solution?

Individual $C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}$ molecules and water (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly depicts the behavior of a slightly soluble ionic compound in water?

It remains primarily as a solid ionic compound, not dissociating (D) Signup and view all the answers

Given that $Ba(OH)_2$ is a base, what is the expected dissociation behavior when it is dissolved in water?

It dissociates completely into $Ba^{2+}$ and $2OH^-$ ions if very soluble, or does not dissociate if slightly soluble. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is most indicative of a strong acid in an aqueous solution?

It fully ionizes into hydrogen ions and its conjugate base. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct dissociation equation for calcium hydroxide ($Ca(OH)_2$)?

$Ca(OH)_2(s) \rightarrow Ca^{2+}(aq) + 2OH^-(aq)$ (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the expected major entities present when $CH_4$ is present in a solution:

$CH_4$ molecules and water molecules (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes what happens when $HF$ is placed in water?

HF molecules only partially ionize into H+ and F- ions (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the behavior of polar molecules with hydrogen bonding when dissolved in water?

They remain as compound particles, do not ionize, and do not conduct electricity. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does the dissociation of $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ differ from the ionization of HCl?

$(NH_4)_2SO_4$ involves the physical separation of ions already present, while $HCl$ involves the formation of ions. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Solution

A type of mixture where two or more substances are evenly distributed throughout, making it impossible to separate the components mechanically. Think of sugar and water.

Solute

The component in a solution that is dissolved, like sugar in water.

Solvent

The component in a solution that dissolves the solute, like water dissolving sugar.

Solubility

The ability of a substance to dissolve in a given solvent. It's like saying how much sugar can fit in a glass of water.