Chemistry Section 2.2 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What does it mean when a molecule is said to be "polar"?

It means that it has an unevenly distributed electrical charge.

How do hydrogen bonds between water molecules form?

They form because of their partial negative and positive charges.

Use the structure of a water molecule to explain why it is polar.

A water molecule is polar because the electric charge is distributed unevenly; the oxygen atom is on one end, causing it to have a slight negative and a slight positive charge.

Why is water such a good solvent?

It is such a good solvent because its polarity allows it to dissolve both ionic bonds and other polar molecules. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a solution and a suspension?

The difference is that a solution's components are evenly distributed throughout the mixture, while a suspension can't evenly distribute its components. Signup and view all the answers

What is an acid? What is a base?

An acid is a compound that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in solution and has a pH of less than 7. A base is a compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution and has a pH of more than 7. Signup and view all the answers

If the acid hydrogen fluoride (HF) is dissolved in pure water, will the pH of the solution be greater or less than 7?

The pH of the solution will be less than 7 because of the presence of the hydronium ions. Signup and view all the answers

During exercise, many chemical changes occur in the body, including a drop in blood pH which can be very serious. How is the body able to cope with such changes?

The body is able to cope with such changes because it contains weak acids that are released to keep the body from becoming too basic. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Polar Molecules

A polar molecule has an uneven distribution of electrical charges, resulting in partial positive and negative regions.

Hydrogen Bonds in Water

Hydrogen bonds form between water molecules due to the partial negative charge of oxygen and the partial positive charge of hydrogen atoms.

Structure of Water

The polarity of a water molecule arises from its bent shape, with the oxygen atom having a slight negative charge and the hydrogen atoms having slight positive charges.

Water as a Solvent

Water's polarity makes it an excellent solvent, capable of dissolving ions and other polar molecules.

Solutions vs. Suspensions

A solution features components evenly distributed throughout, while a suspension contains particles that do not remain evenly mixed.

Acids and Bases

An acid produces hydrogen ions (H+) in solution with a pH of less than 7, while a base generates hydroxide ions (OH-) and has a pH greater than 7.

pH of Hydrogen Fluoride in Water

Dissolving hydrogen fluoride (HF) in water results in a pH less than 7 due to the formation of hydronium ions.

Blood pH Regulation During Exercise

The body combats drops in blood pH during exercise by releasing weak acids to prevent excessive alkalinity, maintaining pH balance.

Description

Test your knowledge on polar molecules and hydrogen bonds in this Chemistry Section 2.2 Flashcards quiz. Explore the characteristics of water and its molecular structure to understand polarity and hydrogen bonding. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of molecular chemistry concepts.