Chemistry Quiz on Atomic Structure

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Questions and Answers

Which subatomic particle is the heaviest?

  • Neutron (correct)
  • Photon
  • Electron
  • Proton

What defines an isotope of an element?

  • Different number of neutrons (correct)
  • Different atomic mass
  • Different number of protons
  • Different number of electrons

How many valence electrons does an element in Group 16 have?

  • 6 (correct)
  • 2
  • 8
  • 4

What is the octet rule?

<p>Atoms generally desire a full outer shell of electrons. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the atomic number of an element represent?

<p>The number of protons in the nucleus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the molar mass of water (Hâ‚‚O)?

<p>18 g/mol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ion has more electrons than protons?

<p>Anion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the shape of a p orbital?

<p>Dumbbell-shaped (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Atomic Number

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It determines the element's identity.

Atomic Mass

The average mass of an atom of an element, taking into account the abundance of its isotopes.

Isotopes

Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Atom

The smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element. Composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

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Proton

The positively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom. It determines the element's identity.

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Neutron

The neutral subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom. It contributes to an atom's mass but has no charge.

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Electron

The negatively charged subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom. It is responsible for chemical bonding.

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Cation

A positively charged ion formed by losing electrons.

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