Chemistry: Atomic Structure and Isotopes

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Questions and Answers

How many valence electrons does chlorine have?

7 valence electrons (correct)
6 valence electrons
8 valence electrons
5 valence electrons

What does the number in Bromine-81 indicate?

The number of protons
The number of electrons
The number of neutrons
The atomic mass (correct)

Which of the following isotopes represents the element with an atomic number of 8 and 10 neutrons?

Oxygen-18 (correct)
Carbon-10
Nitrogen-16
Oxygen-16

What is the proper ionic notation for sulfur after it gains electrons?

<p>S²⁻ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Using the data provided, what is the average atomic mass of Element A?

<p>79.40 amu (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Bohr Model

A diagram representing the arrangement of electrons in an atom's energy levels (shells) and sub-levels (orbitals), where electrons orbiting the nucleus are depicted as dots.

Valence Electrons

The electrons residing in the outermost shell of an atom, actively involved in chemical bonding.

Ion

An atom that gains or loses electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration, resulting in a net electrical charge.

Ionic Notation

A representation of an ion, including the element's symbol and its charge.

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Isotopes

Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons in their nucleus.

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Study Notes

Bohr Models

Draw Bohr models for elements.

Valence Electrons, Ions, and Ionic Notation

Identify the number of valence electrons for elements.
Determine how many electrons an element gains or loses to form an ion.
Write the resulting ion in proper ionic notation.
Examples: Sulfur, Chlorine, Calcium, Lithium

Identifying Isotopes

Determine what a number in an isotopic notation represents.
Write isotopes in proper notation (example: element with atomic number 8 and 10 neutrons).
Examples: Element with 26 protons and 32 neutrons, Bromine-81.

Calculating Average Atomic Mass of Isotopes

Understand the formula used to calculate average atomic mass.
Calculate the average atomic mass from provided data (percentage abundance and mass of isotopes).
Example calculation: Using data of element A isotopes to calculate the average atomic mass.

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Description

This quiz covers essential concepts in atomic structure, focusing on Bohr models, valence electrons, ionic notation, and isotopes. You will engage in identifying elements' valence electrons, writing isotopes, and calculating average atomic mass using provided data. Test your understanding of these foundational chemistry principles.