Chemistry Overview Quiz

<p>They are usually gases or dull, powdery solids and are poor conductors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alkali metals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Commensalism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Converting light energy into chemical energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To break down glucose to release energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The outputs of photosynthesis are the inputs of cellular respiration and vice versa forming a cycle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A factor that restricts the maximum size of a population. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The range of abiotic factors an organism can survive within. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Photosphere (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By decreasing photosynthetic activity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transporting energy through radiation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A force of attraction or repulsion between charged objects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Chromosphere (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1 to 2 million degrees Celsius (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Weather satellites (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Providing GPS services for accurate positioning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A point of infinite density and temperature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Studying Earth's resources and climate change (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Positive charge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Materials higher on the list lose electrons to lower materials (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Induction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To remove or neutralize any excess charge in the object (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They repel each other (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wind (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By using heat from nuclear fission to produce steam that turns turbines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The same charge as the charged object (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Harnessing heat from the earth's interior to create steam, which then rotates turbines connected to generators. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To oppose or hinder the flow of current. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In parallel with the component being measured. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The total resistance increases, and the bulbs become dimmer. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The total current entering a junction is equal to the total current leaving the junction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>—//— (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The other bulbs remain lit, as separate paths are available for current flow. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>I, amps (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Venus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrogen and Helium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>14 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A small, rocky object that orbits the Sun (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-197 degrees Celsius (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mars (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A small, frozen object with gas and dust that orbits the Sun (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Elements located on the left and middle blocks of the periodic table, with properties like being solid at room temperature, shiny, and good conductors of heat and electricity.

Elements found along the zig-zag line on the periodic table. They share properties of both metals and nonmetals.

Mostly gases and dull powdery solids, poor conductors of heat and electricity. They are not malleable or ductile, and often brittle.

Groups of elements in the periodic table that share similar chemical properties due to having the same number of valence electrons.

A group of elements that are highly reactive, have one electron in their outer shell, and are soft, silvery, and good conductors of heat and electricity.

A relationship where both species benefit from the interaction.

A relationship where one species benefits (the parasite) by living on or inside another species (the host) and using its tissues for food.

A relationship where one species benefits and the other species is not affected (neither benefits nor is harmed).

The process that converts light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose (food). It occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells. Plants need water and carbon dioxide to perform photosynthesis, and they produce glucose and oxygen as a result.

The process that breaks down glucose to release stored energy for cells. It occurs in the mitochondria. Cells need glucose and oxygen to perform cellular respiration, and they produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy as a result.

Pollution can be in the air, water, or land. It causes health issues in organisms, damages ecosystems, and contaminates resources.

Non-biodegradable materials (like plastic) that pollute land and oceans, harming wildlife.

The maximum number of living organisms a space can hold. It's determined by the available resources and other environmental factors.

The transfer of electrons between two objects, where one object loses electrons and becomes positively charged, while the other gains electrons and becomes negatively charged.

The transfer of electrons from a charged object to a neutral object, resulting in both objects having the same charge.

A process where a charged object induces a separation of charges in a neutral conductor without direct contact. This creates opposite charges on the conductor.

A method of removing excess charge from an object by connecting it to a large body, like Earth, which can absorb or donate electrons.

The principle describing the interaction between charged objects:

• Opposite charges attract each other.
• Like charges repel each other.

A list of materials arranged by their electron affinity. Materials higher on the list tend to lose electrons to materials lower on the list when in contact.

The direct conversion of sunlight into electricity using solar panels.

Using wind turbines to convert wind energy into mechanical energy, which is then used to generate electricity.

The force that pushes electric charge through a circuit, measured in volts (V). Think of it as the pressure that pushes water through a pipe.

The flow of electric charge through a circuit, measured in amps (A). Think of it as the amount of water flowing through a pipe.

The opposition to the flow of electric charge in a circuit, measured in ohms (Ω). Think of it as how narrow the pipe is, making it harder for water to flow.

A circuit where components are connected in a single path, so current flows through each component in turn. Think of it as a single lane road.

A circuit where components are connected across multiple paths, so current can flow through different components at the same time. Think of it as a multi-lane highway.

The total current entering a junction in a circuit equals the total current leaving that junction. Think of it as water flow: the same amount of water must flow in and out of a point.

A device that measures voltage. It is connected in parallel across the component whose voltage you want to measure.

A device that measures current. It is connected in series with the component whose current you want to measure.

The central region of the Sun, where nuclear fusion occurs, generating immense heat and light.

A layer surrounding the Sun's core where energy is transported through radiation.

A layer above the radiative zone where energy is transported through convection, like boiling water.

The visible surface of the Sun, about 6,700 degrees Celsius.

A layer above the photosphere, about four times hotter, where violent solar flares erupt.

A thin transition zone between the chromosphere and the corona.

The outermost layer of the Sun's atmosphere, extending far into space and reaching millions of degrees Celsius.

A point of infinite density and temperature, believed to be the initial state of the universe.

The planet that is closest to the Sun and is too hot to support life as we know it. Mercury is also known for having a very thin atmosphere and no moons.

The hottest planet in our Solar System. Venus is similar in size to Earth but has a thick atmosphere made mostly of carbon dioxide.

The only planet in our Solar System known to have liquid water on its surface and is home to all known life. Its atmosphere is comprised of various gases, including water vapor.

Known as the "Red Planet", Mars has a thin atmosphere and is colder than Earth. It has two moons and evidence of water.

The largest planet in our Solar System, composed mainly of hydrogen and helium. It has a powerful magnetic field and at least 67 moons.

A gas giant known for its beautiful rings, made of ice, rock and dust. Saturn has at least 62 moons and takes almost 30 Earth years to orbit the Sun.

A gas giant made up of ice, gases, and liquid metal. It has a solid core and very cold temperatures. Its atmosphere is known for violent storms.

The farthest planet from the Sun in our Solar System. Neptune is a blue giant, composed mainly of methane, and has 14 moons.

A small, rocky object that orbits the Sun. Most asteroids are located in the asteroid belt.

A ball of ice and dust that orbits the Sun, leaving a trail of gas and dust behind it.

A small piece of an asteroid or comet that enters Earth's atmosphere and burns up.