Chemistry Overview: Flavonoids, Ketones, Acids

What is a characteristic feature of ketones?

Which of the following is an example of a carboxylic acid?

What is the molar mass of water (H2O)?

Given the equation for molar mass calculation, how is mass converted from moles?

Which statement correctly describes the mole concept?

What is the primary use of ketones in everyday products?

Which of the following best describes the carboxyl group?

How is the molar mass of water (H2O) calculated?

What is the correct relationship when using the mole concept for conversions?

Which of the following compounds is known to give vinegar its characteristic odor?

Cinnamaldehyde is a naturally occurring flavonoid.
It contributes to the flavor and aroma of cinnamon.

Ketones

Ketones are characterized by a carbonyl group bonded to two alkyl groups.
Common uses include solvents for plastics and synthetic fabrics.
Examples are found in pain thinners, nail polish removers (e.g., acetone).

Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic acids feature a carboxyl group (-COOH).
They are used in diverse applications: polymers, soaps, cosmetics, food, pharmaceuticals.
Examples: Acetic acid (vinegar), Lactic acid (produced during carbohydrate breakdown in cells).

Molecular Mass and Formula Units

The molecular mass of a compound equals the sum of atomic masses of its constituent atoms.

Molar Mass of Water (H₂O)

Atomic mass of Hydrogen (H) = 1.008 amu.
Atomic mass of Oxygen (O) = 16 amu.
Molar mass of H₂O = (1.008 amu × 2) + 16 amu = 18.02 amu (or g/mol).

The Mole Concept

The mole concept is used to quantify different amounts of substances.
It relates moles, mass, and the number of particles of a substance.
Dimensional analysis involves canceling units to convert from one quantity to another (moles to mass, etc.)

Molar Brick Road

To find moles, divide given mass by molar mass.
To find mass, multiply moles by molar mass.

This quiz covers the basic concepts of flavonoids, ketones, and carboxylic acids, including their structures, properties, and applications. Additionally, you will explore the concepts of molecular mass and the mole concept, testing your understanding of these essential chemical ideas.