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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a use of abietic acid?
Which of the following is NOT a use of abietic acid?
- Stimulant and diuretic
- Flavoring agent in food (correct)
- Component of varnishes
- Ingredient of ointments
What acid is formed from pimaric acid through the effect of heat?
What acid is formed from pimaric acid through the effect of heat?
- Abietic acid (correct)
- Neo-abietic acid
- L-Pimaric acid
- Turpentine acid
Which of the following substances is directly related to the test for identity of abietic acid?
Which of the following substances is directly related to the test for identity of abietic acid?
- Colophony and petroleum ether (correct)
- L-Pimaric acid and ethanol
- Neo-abietic acid and chloroform
- Turpentine and water
What is the process involved in the transformation of pimaric acid into abietic acid?
What is the process involved in the transformation of pimaric acid into abietic acid?
Which of the following uses qualifies abietic acid as a stimulant and diuretic?
Which of the following uses qualifies abietic acid as a stimulant and diuretic?
What is the first step in the test for combined umbelliferone?
What is the first step in the test for combined umbelliferone?
What type of surface is tested for identity?
What type of surface is tested for identity?
What color fluorescence indicates a positive test for combined umbelliferone?
What color fluorescence indicates a positive test for combined umbelliferone?
After boiling and filtering, into what type of solution must the filtrate be added?
After boiling and filtering, into what type of solution must the filtrate be added?
Which chemical reaction occurs in the test for combined umbelliferone?
Which chemical reaction occurs in the test for combined umbelliferone?
What are the primary components of juices as described?
What are the primary components of juices as described?
In which parts of plants can juices be found?
In which parts of plants can juices be found?
Which plant is cited as having juices occurring in cells?
Which plant is cited as having juices occurring in cells?
Which of the following statements about juices is NOT accurate?
Which of the following statements about juices is NOT accurate?
What structural feature of juices allows them to be present in Eucalyptus?
What structural feature of juices allows them to be present in Eucalyptus?
What type of action does this substance have on mucous membranes?
What type of action does this substance have on mucous membranes?
Which properties are reported to be associated with the sesquiterpenes present in this substance?
Which properties are reported to be associated with the sesquiterpenes present in this substance?
In addition to its use in perfumes, how else can this substance be utilized?
In addition to its use in perfumes, how else can this substance be utilized?
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the properties of this substance?
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the properties of this substance?
What is a notable characteristic of sesquiterpenes found in this substance?
What is a notable characteristic of sesquiterpenes found in this substance?
What is the solubility of Aloes in water?
What is the solubility of Aloes in water?
Which of the following solvents is Aloes insoluble in?
Which of the following solvents is Aloes insoluble in?
What is the primary constituent of all varieties of Aloes?
What is the primary constituent of all varieties of Aloes?
Which of the following is an anthraquinone derived from barbaloin?
Which of the following is an anthraquinone derived from barbaloin?
Which statement is true regarding the solubility of Aloes?
Which statement is true regarding the solubility of Aloes?
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Study Notes
Formation and Uses of Acids
- Heat transforms pimaric acid from natural turpentine into abietic acid and neo-abietic acid.
- Abietic acid is key in varnishes, printing inks, floor coverings, and as an ingredient in ointments.
- Neo-abietic acid is involved in similar applications.
Identity Tests
- To test for abietic acid: Mix 0.5 g of colophony with 5 ml of petroleum ether, shake, filter, then dilute with an equal volume of deionized water.
- Freshly fractured surfaces of the tear serve as an effective identity test for abietic acid.
- For combined umbelliferone: Boil 1 g of Asafoetida with 20 ml of HCl and water, filter, then add to strongly alkaline water with NH4OH to observe blue fluorescence.
Applications of Umbelliferone
- Umbelliferone has antiseptic and astringent properties suitable for use in mouthwashes and gargles.
- Its sesquiterpenes exhibit antibacterial and antifungal qualities, enhancing its utility in healthcare products.
Dried Juices
- Juices are aqueous plant saps containing dissolved substances, occurring in cells (e.g., Aloes) or cavities (e.g., Eucalyptus).
- Dried juices demonstrate partial solubility in water, but are insoluble in ether, petroleum ether, or chloroform.
Constituents of Aloes
- The primary component of all Aloe varieties is barbaloin, a yellow crystalline anthraquinone glycoside.
- Additional constituents include resin and aloe-emodin, which is a hydrolytic decomposition product of barbaloin.
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