Questions and Answers
What does the Neo-Babylonian Empire refer to?
Who were the Chaldeans?
An empire that arose late in the 7th century B.C.E. that conquered Jerusalem and deported the Hebrew people to Babylon.
Who helped overthrow Assyria to form New Babylonia?
The Medes and Chaldeans.
Who was Nebuchadnezzar II?
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What was Babylon known for?
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What caused the fall of the Babylonian Empire?
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Study Notes
Neo-Babylonian Empire Overview
- The Neo-Babylonian Empire emerged after the Assyrian defeat, marking a new phase of Babylonian control over Mesopotamia from 626 to 539 BCE.
Chaldeans (Neo-Babylonians)
- Chaldeans rose to power in the late 7th century BCE, known for their more humane treatment of conquered peoples compared to the Assyrians.
- They deported rebellious populations, significantly impacting the demographics of the region.
- Known for conquering Jerusalem and exiling the Hebrew people to Babylon.
- The empire fell in 539 BCE to Cyrus the Great of Persia.
Coalition Against Assyria
- The Medes and Chaldeans were instrumental in the overthrow of the Assyrian Empire, leading to the establishment of the Neo-Babylonian Empire.
Nebuchadnezzar II
- Reigned approximately from 630 to 562 BCE and was a prominent king of the Chaldeans.
- Notably captured and destroyed Jerusalem, resulting in the exile of many Israelites to Babylon.
Babylon – The Capital
- Babylon served as the capital of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, recognized for its extraordinary wealth and opulence.
- Following the Assyrian decline, Babylon's rulers reinstated legal codes (Hammurabi's law) and rejuvenated religious practices and economic activities.
- The city was famed for its beauty and luxury, famously associated with the Hanging Gardens, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Decline and Fall of the Empire
- After Hammurabi's reign, the empire entered a period of decline, characterized by invasions and internal strife.
- Babylon was ultimately conquered by the Medes in 539 BCE, leading to its ruins and end as a major power in the region.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Neo Babylonian Empire, including key definitions and historical significance. These flashcards cover important aspects like the Chaldeans and their impact on Mesopotamia and the Hebrew people. Perfect for students of ancient history!
