Chemistry of Life: Elements and Molecules
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Questions and Answers

What are the four major elements found in 96% of living organisms?

  • Mercury, Lead, Arsenic, Cadmium
  • Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Phosphorus
  • Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen (correct)
  • Sodium, Potassium, Chlorine, Sulfur

Which of the following is not one of the molecules of life mentioned in the text?

  • Carbohydrates
  • Nucleic Acids
  • Metals (correct)
  • Proteins

Why do living organisms eat according to the text?

  • To avoid dehydration
  • To eliminate waste products
  • To gain more energy for growth and repair (correct)
  • To reduce body temperature

What is the most abundant inorganic compound in the human body according to the text?

<p>H2O (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for building blocks and energy for building and running bodies according to the text?

<p>Proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element is NOT mentioned as one of the major elements found in living organisms?

<p>Calcium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

<p>Lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two components fit together like a lock and key during an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

<p>Substrates and enzymes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of enzymes in biological systems?

<p>Speed up reactions by lowering activation energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the enzyme-substrate complex is eventually released as a product?

<p>Glucose-6-phosphate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of activation energy in a chemical reaction?

<p>It is needed to start a reaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are enzymes important in living tissues for speeding up reactions?

<p>To make slow reactions practical (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of building bigger molecules from smaller molecules called?

<p>Synthesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are proteins primarily built from?

<p>Amino acids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which large organic molecule is built from sugars?

<p>Carbohydrates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of digestion in the body?

<p>Breaking down big molecules into raw materials (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which large molecule is primarily built from nucleotides?

<p>Nucleic acids (DNA) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of building important polymers, what is the role of ATP?

<p>Providing energy for synthesis reactions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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