Chemistry of Life: Elements and Molecules
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Questions and Answers

What are the four major elements found in 96% of living organisms?

  • Mercury, Lead, Arsenic, Cadmium
  • Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Phosphorus
  • Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen (correct)
  • Sodium, Potassium, Chlorine, Sulfur
  • Which of the following is not one of the molecules of life mentioned in the text?

  • Carbohydrates
  • Nucleic Acids
  • Metals (correct)
  • Proteins
  • Why do living organisms eat according to the text?

  • To avoid dehydration
  • To eliminate waste products
  • To gain more energy for growth and repair (correct)
  • To reduce body temperature
  • What is the most abundant inorganic compound in the human body according to the text?

    <p>H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for building blocks and energy for building and running bodies according to the text?

    <p>Proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is NOT mentioned as one of the major elements found in living organisms?

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

    <p>Lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two components fit together like a lock and key during an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

    <p>Substrates and enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of enzymes in biological systems?

    <p>Speed up reactions by lowering activation energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the enzyme-substrate complex is eventually released as a product?

    <p>Glucose-6-phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of activation energy in a chemical reaction?

    <p>It is needed to start a reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are enzymes important in living tissues for speeding up reactions?

    <p>To make slow reactions practical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of building bigger molecules from smaller molecules called?

    <p>Synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are proteins primarily built from?

    <p>Amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which large organic molecule is built from sugars?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of digestion in the body?

    <p>Breaking down big molecules into raw materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which large molecule is primarily built from nucleotides?

    <p>Nucleic acids (DNA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of building important polymers, what is the role of ATP?

    <p>Providing energy for synthesis reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

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