18 Questions
What percentage of the human body is made up of water?
70%
What elements account for approximately 97% of the dry weight of the human body?
C, H, O, N, P, Ca, S
What was the purpose of the Miller-Urey experiment?
To synthesize biological molecules
What type of compounds made up the atmosphere of the early Earth?
Small, simple compounds
What was the duration of the Miller-Urey experiment?
A week
What was the energy source used in the Miller-Urey experiment?
Electric discharge
What type of compounds were found in the resulting solution?
Water-soluble organic compounds
What is the maximum temperature at which hydrothermal vents emit solutions of metal sulfides?
400°C
What is the process by which polymers of biomolecules are formed from monomers?
Condensation
What is required for the replication of some biomolecules?
Complementarity of functional groups
What characterizes different types of biomolecules?
Their functional groups and linkages
What is the process by which polymers are broken down into monomers?
Hydrolysis
What is one of the advantages of compartmentalization in cells?
Maintain high local concentrations of reactants
What is a characteristic of prokaryotes?
Variety of shapes, including spherical and rod-like
What is a benefit of maintaining high local concentrations of reactants in cells?
Increasing the rate of chemical reactions
What is a characteristic of eukaryotes?
Presence of a nucleus
Why are prokaryotes found in a wide range of habitats?
Due to their varied and adaptable metabolisms
What is a consequence of compartmentalization in cells?
Protection from adverse environmental factors
This quiz covers the fundamental principles of life, including the origin of life, cellular architecture, and thermodynamics. It explores the elements that make up living matter and their composition in the human body.
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