Chemistry of Life: Introduction and Biological Molecules

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What percentage of the human body is made up of water?

70% (correct)

80%

90%

97%

What elements account for approximately 97% of the dry weight of the human body?

H, O, N, P, Ca, S

C, H, O, N, P, Ca, S (correct)

C, H, O, N, P

C, H, O, N, P, Ca

What was the purpose of the Miller-Urey experiment?

To create life forms

To study the structure of DNA

To analyze the atmosphere of early Earth

To synthesize biological molecules (correct)

What type of compounds made up the atmosphere of the early Earth?

Small, simple compounds Signup and view all the answers

What was the duration of the Miller-Urey experiment?

A week Signup and view all the answers

What was the energy source used in the Miller-Urey experiment?

Electric discharge Signup and view all the answers

What type of compounds were found in the resulting solution?

Water-soluble organic compounds Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum temperature at which hydrothermal vents emit solutions of metal sulfides?

400°C Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which polymers of biomolecules are formed from monomers?

Condensation Signup and view all the answers

What is required for the replication of some biomolecules?

Complementarity of functional groups Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes different types of biomolecules?

Their functional groups and linkages Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which polymers are broken down into monomers?

Hydrolysis Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the advantages of compartmentalization in cells?

Maintain high local concentrations of reactants Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of prokaryotes?

Variety of shapes, including spherical and rod-like Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of maintaining high local concentrations of reactants in cells?

Increasing the rate of chemical reactions Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of eukaryotes?

Presence of a nucleus Signup and view all the answers

Why are prokaryotes found in a wide range of habitats?

Due to their varied and adaptable metabolisms Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of compartmentalization in cells?

Protection from adverse environmental factors Signup and view all the answers