Chemistry Experiment: Acidic or Basic
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Questions and Answers

What type of oxides do most non-metals produce when dissolved in water?

  • Basic oxides
  • Acidic oxides (correct)
  • Amphoteric oxides
  • Neural oxides

    • Metal oxides typically produce acidic solutions when dissolved in water.

    False

    What color flame does magnesium produce when burned in air?

    Dazzling white flame

    Most metals, when burned in air, produce __________.

    <p>basic oxides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of metals?

    <p>Malleable and ductile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the metals with their properties:

    <p>Aluminium = Malleable Copper = Good conductor of electricity Iron = Rusts easily Lead = Ductile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sulphur produces an acidic solution when burned and dissolved in water.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name a metal that is a poor conductor of heat.

    <p>Lead</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following metals reacts vigorously with oxygen?

    <p>Sodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aluminium oxide is amphoteric in nature.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced when copper reacts with oxygen?

    <p>Copper(II) oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sodium oxide reacts with water to form __________.

    <p>sodium hydroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical formula of aluminium oxide?

    <p>Al2O3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the metal with its corresponding oxide:

    <p>Copper = CuO Aluminium = Al2O3 Sodium = Na2O Potassium = K2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most metal oxides are soluble in water.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metals are typically kept in kerosene oil to prevent fires?

    <p>Potassium and Sodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metal reacts vigorously with dilute hydrochloric acid?

    <p>Zinc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Copper can react with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metal produced the highest temperature when reacting with dilute hydrochloric acid?

    <p>Magnesium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The reactivity of the metals with dilute acids decreases in the order of _______, ________, ________, _______.

    <p>Mg, Al, Zn, Fe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following metals with their reactions with dilute hydrochloric acid:

    <p>Magnesium = Reacts vigorously and releases hydrogen Aluminium = Reacts with effervescence Zinc = Moderate reaction Iron = Slow reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is aqua regia primarily used for?

    <p>Dissolving gold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hydrogen gas is evolved when magnesium reacts with very dilute nitric acid.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to hydrogen gas when generated in a reaction involving nitric acid?

    <p>It is oxidized to water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following metals is the most reactive according to the reactivity series?

    <p>Sodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Iron is more reactive than copper according to the reactivity series.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of keeping sodium immersed in kerosene oil?

    <p>To prevent it from reacting with moisture and oxygen in the air.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The displacement reaction can be represented as: Metal A + Salt solution of B → Salt solution of A + ______.

    <p>Metal B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Activity series, which of the following metals is arranged as the least reactive?

    <p>Gold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aluminium is less reactive than calcium according to the activity series.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name two metals that can displace copper from its salt solution.

    <p>Sodium and Zinc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each metal with its reactivity level.

    <p>K = Most reactive Hg = Least reactive Fe = Moderately reactive Ag = Less reactive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following metals is most reactive based on the provided table?

    <p>Metal B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Metal D reacts with iron(II) sulfate.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gas is produced when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to a reactive metal?

    <p>Hydrogen gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When zinc is added to iron(II) sulfate, zinc displaces iron and forms _______.

    <p>zinc sulfate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the metals to the respective reactions with Copper(II) sulfate:

    <p>Metal A = No Reaction Metal B = Displacement Metal C = No Reaction Metal D = No Reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would you observe if Metal B is added to a solution of Copper(II) sulfate?

    <p>Copper deposited on the metal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All metals tend to gain electrons to achieve a stable electronic configuration.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Write the chemical reaction when iron reacts with dilute H2SO4.

    <p>Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chemical Properties of Metals

    • Burning magnesium produces a basic oxide; testing with litmus paper confirms the solution is basic.
    • Burning sulfur produces an acidic oxide; testing the resultant solution with litmus paper confirms acidity.
    • Non-metals generally form acidic oxides in water, while metals yield basic oxides.

    Metal Characteristics

    • Metals are typically solid at room temperature, with mercury being a liquid exception.
    • Malleability refers to the ability to be hammered into thin sheets.
    • Ductility is the ability to be stretched into wires.

    Reaction of Metals with Air

    • Magnesium burns with a white flame, producing magnesium oxide.
    • Different metals exhibit varying reactivities when burnt in air; some metals ignite easily while others do not.
    • Products of metal combustion are usually metal oxides, which are generally basic.

    Reactions of Metals with Water and Acids

    • Metals react differently with dilute acids. Reactivity order with dilute hydrochloric acid is Mg > Al > Zn > Fe.
    • Copper does not react with dilute hydrochloric acid, indicating low reactivity.
    • Nitric acid does not evolve hydrogen gas when reacting with metals due to its strong oxidizing nature.

    Amphoteric Oxides

    • Some metal oxides, like aluminum oxide and zinc oxide, can behave as both acids and bases.
    • Amphoteric oxides react with both acids and bases to form salts and water.

    Reactivity Series of Metals

    • The reactivity series ranks metals by their ability to displace less reactive metals in solution, from most to least reactive: K, Na, Ca, Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Pb, H, Cu, Hg, Ag, Au.
    • Potassium and sodium react vigorously with air and water, often stored under kerosene to prevent reactions.

    Displacement Reactions

    • Metals can displace metals that are less reactive from their compounds in solution.
    • Observations from metal salt solutions confirm the relative reactivity: a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive one.

    Testing and Observations

    • In a displacement experiment, the metal wire and nail placed in different metal salt solutions change, indicating the reaction's occurrence.
    • The outcome of displacement reactions can help to ascertain the reactivity order of various metals.
    • Sodium is kept in kerosene to prevent fire hazards from its reactivity with moisture and air.

    Understanding Reactivity

    • Noble gases have stable electron configurations, leading to low reactivity.
    • Metals tend to lose electrons to achieve a full outer shell, enhancing their reactivity.

    Suggested Reactions

    • Example reactions include magnesium with acid or steam, potassium with water, and iron with dilute sulfuric acid, producing hydrogen gas.
    • Displacement reaction equations illustrate reactivity, such as zinc displacing iron in iron(II) sulfate solution.

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    Metals and Non-metals (PDF)

    Description

    This quiz explores the results of burning magnesium and sulfur and their effects on litmus paper. You will need to determine whether the solutions formed from these reactions are acidic or basic based on the litmus test. Test your knowledge of the chemistry behind these reactions!

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