Chemistry Acid-Base Reactions Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What color does the solution turn when copper oxide dissolves in an acid?

Blue-green (correct)

Clear

Bright red

Yellow

What type of compounds do metallic oxides react with to produce salts and water?

Other metallic oxides

Acids (correct)

Salts

Alkalis

Based on the reaction of a non-metallic oxide with calcium hydroxide, what type of nature do non-metallic oxides have?

Alkaline

Basic

Neutral

Acidic (correct)

What is produced when a base reacts with a non-metallic oxide?

Salt and water Signup and view all the answers

Why should acidic substances not be stored in brass and copper vessels?

They corrode the metals Signup and view all the answers

What is common to all acids according to the properties discussed?

They generate hydrogen gas when reacting with metals Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following gases is typically liberated when an acid reacts with a metal?

Hydrogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the general equation that represents the reaction of a metal oxide with an acid?

Metal oxide + Acid → Salt + Water Signup and view all the answers

What are the products formed when sodium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid?

Sodium chloride, carbon dioxide, and water Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether an acid is classified as strong or weak?

The number of H + ions produced by the acid. Signup and view all the answers

What white precipitate is formed when carbon dioxide is passed through lime water?

Calcium carbonate Signup and view all the answers

What pH range is optimal for human survival?

7.0 to 7.8 Signup and view all the answers

What happens when excess carbon dioxide is passed through the solution of calcium carbonate?

Calcium bicarbonate dissolves Signup and view all the answers

What is the general reaction for the neutralization of an acid with a base?

Base + Acid → Salt + Water Signup and view all the answers

What observation can be made when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to the beaker with the circuit?

The bulb glows indicating the presence of electric current. Signup and view all the answers

What is considered 'acid rain'?

Rain with a pH lower than 5.6 Signup and view all the answers

What can a low pH in river water cause?

Difficulties in the survival of aquatic life. Signup and view all the answers

Which ions are primarily responsible for the conductivity observed in acidic solutions?

Hydrogen ions (H+) Signup and view all the answers

What indicates the end-point of the reaction in the test tube when phenolphthalein is added to a base and then an acid is introduced?

The solution turns colorless Signup and view all the answers

What specific change occurs to phenolphthalein when an acid is added to it?

It loses its color Signup and view all the answers

How can the pH of soil be tested?

By mixing it with water and observing the reaction. Signup and view all the answers

What result is expected when glucose solution is tested in the same circuit setup?

The bulb does not glow. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reactions is an example of a neutralization reaction?

CuO + HCl → CuCl2 + H2O Signup and view all the answers

In the experiment with solid NaCl and concentrated sulfuric acid, what is the expected gas produced?

Hydrogen chloride (HCl) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances would likely have a lower pH than neutral water?

Tomato juice Signup and view all the answers

During the reaction of copper oxide with hydrochloric acid, what is primarily observed?

A clear solution is formed Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes strong bases compared to weak bases?

Strong bases produce more OH– ions. Signup and view all the answers

What indicates that an acid solution can conduct electricity?

The bulb in the circuit starts glowing. Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the atmosphere of Venus in terms of acid presence?

It consists of sulphuric acid clouds. Signup and view all the answers

What type of solution would likely glow the bulb when tested in the circuit?

dilute H2SO4 solution Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes what happens to acids in a water solution?

They produce H+ ions and anions. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when dilute sulfuric acid is added to a test tube containing NaCl during the experiment?

Hydrogen chloride gas is released. Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical formula for Plaster of Paris?

CaSO4·1/2H2O Signup and view all the answers

What happens when Plaster of Paris is mixed with water?

It changes back to gypsum and hardens. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of Plaster of Paris in medical applications?

To support fractured bones. Signup and view all the answers

How does Plaster of Paris achieve its hardening effect?

By converting to calcium sulfate dihydrate. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of water in the structure of Plaster of Paris?

It participates in the chemical reaction to form a solid. Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon allows two formula units of CaSO4 to share one molecule of water in the context of Plaster of Paris?

Water of crystallization. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a decoration use of Plaster of Paris?

Designing artistic sculptures. Signup and view all the answers

Which property of an acid is primarily due to its ability to form H+(aq) ions in solution?

Acidity. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to acids when water is absent?

They remain inactive and do not exhibit acidic properties. Signup and view all the answers

Which solution has a neutral pH value from the following options?

Solution D with pH 7 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following solutions is strongly alkaline?

Solution C with pH 11 Signup and view all the answers

In which test tube will the fizzing occur more vigorously?

Test tube A with HCl due to higher concentration of hydrogen ions. Signup and view all the answers

How does the pH of fresh milk change as it turns into curd?

The pH decreases due to the production of lactic acid. Signup and view all the answers

Why does adding baking soda to fresh milk shift its pH to slightly alkaline?

Baking soda adds alkalinity, shifting the pH from acidic to alkaline. Signup and view all the answers

What is a neutralization reaction?

A reaction between an acid and a base that results in salt and water. Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason plaster of Paris must be stored in a moisture-proof container?

It hardens and becomes solid when exposed to moisture. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Acids, Bases and Salts

Acids and bases have sour and bitter tastes, respectively
Acids and bases neutralize each other
Litmus is a natural indicator used to test sour/bitter substances
Litmus turns blue in bases and red in acids
Other natural indicators include red cabbage, turmeric, and petals of certain flowers
Synthetic indicators like phenolphthalein and methyl orange are also used
Acids react with metals to produce a salt and hydrogen gas

Properties of Acids and Bases in the Laboratory

Hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄), nitric acid (HNO₃), and acetic acid (CH₃COOH) are examples of acids.
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)₂], potassium hydroxide (KOH), and ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH) are examples of bases.
Acids turn blue litmus red.
Bases turn red litmus blue.
Litmus is purple in neutral solutions.
Phenolphthalein turns pink in bases.
Methyl orange turns red in acids.

Reactions of Acids and Bases with Metals

Acids react with metals to produce hydrogen gas, a salt, and water
Example of reaction: 2NaOH(aq) + Zn(s) → Na₂ZnO₂(s) + H₂(g) (Sodium zincate)
Not all metals react with acids

Reactions of Metal Carbonates and Metal Hydrogencarbonates with Acids

A carbonate or hydrogencarbonate reacts with an acid to produce salt, water, and carbon dioxide
Example of reaction: Na₂CO₃(s) + 2HCl(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + H₂O(l) + CO₂(g)
The gas can be tested using limewater (calcium hydroxide solution)

Reactions of Acids and Bases with Each Other

Acid and base react through neutralization reaction to form salt and water
Example of reaction: NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H₂O(l)

How Strong Are Acid or Base Solutions?

Universal indicator is a mixture of indicators used to determine the pH of a solution.
pH is a scale for measuring the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.
Acidic solutions have pH < 7
Neutral solutions have pH = 7
Alkaline solutions have pH > 7
Higher the hydrogen ion concentration, the lower the pH

Importance of pH in Everyday Life

Living organisms are sensitive to pH changes
The pH of rainwater can be lower than 5.6, which is acidic
Low pH in water can harm aquatic life

Tooth Decay

Tooth enamel is composed of calcium hydroxyapatite.
Bacteria in the mouth create acids.
These acids dissolve tooth enamel if the pH in the mouth lowers below 5.5
Toothpaste is basic, neutralizing the acids

Other Uses of Salts

Salts are important raw materials in many industrial processes
Sodium hydroxide is used in industries like glass, soap and paper
Washing soda (sodium carbonate) has industrial cleaning and softening water uses
Bleaching powder is useful for bleaching laundry, textiles, and in chemical industries.

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Description

Test your knowledge on acid-base reactions with this quiz. From the colors of solutions to the reactions that produce salts and gases, explore fundamental concepts in chemistry. This quiz covers essential reactions involving acids and bases, including their properties and behaviors.