Chemistry Acid-Base Reactions Quiz

The reaction of a metal carbonate or metal hydrogencarbonate with an acid produces a salt, carbon dioxide, and water. It can be represented as: Metal carbonate/Metal hydrogencarbonate + Acid → Salt + Carbon dioxide + Water

The reaction of carbon dioxide with calcium hydroxide (limewater) produces calcium carbonate, a white precipitate, and water. This reaction can be represented as: Ca(OH)2 (aq) + CO2 (g) → CaCO3 (s) + H2O (l).

When excess carbon dioxide is passed through limewater, the white precipitate, which is calcium carbonate (CaCO3), dissolves to form calcium hydrogencarbonate (Ca(HCO3)2). This reaction can be represented as: CaCO3 (s) + H2O(l) + CO2 (g) → Ca(HCO3)2 (aq)

A chemical reaction between an acid and a base produces a salt and water. This reaction is known as a neutralization reaction. It can be represented as: Base + Acid → Salt + Water

The addition of an acid to a base or vice-versa results in the neutralization of the other substance. This means the effect of a base is nullified by an acid and vice versa. In the reaction, the colour of phenolphthalein changes from pink to colorless when an acid is added. The pink color returns when a base is added.

When a metallic oxide reacts with an acid, it produces a salt and water. For example, copper oxide reacting with hydrochloric acid produces copper chloride and water.

Calcium carbonate is found in different forms such as limestone, chalk, and marble.

Calcium carbonate is the white precipitate formed when carbon dioxide reacts with limewater. It is not soluble in water.

A chemical reaction where a metal oxide reacts with an acid to produce a salt and water. This reaction is similar to the reaction between a base and an acid, indicating that metallic oxides are basic.

A chemical reaction where a non-metallic oxide reacts with a base to produce a salt and water. This reaction is similar to the reaction between an acid and a base, thus suggesting that non-metallic oxides are acidic in nature.

Metal oxides are called basic oxides because they react with acids to form salts and water, similar to the reaction between a base and an acid.

Non-metallic oxides are called acidic oxides because they react with bases to form salts and water, just like acids do.

The blue-green color indicates the formation of copper(II) chloride, which is a salt produced when copper oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid.

The reaction of metals with acids releases hydrogen gas. This can be tested by bringing a burning candle near the gas, which will extinguish the flame, indicating the presence of hydrogen.

The effervescence observed when metal compound 'A' reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid suggests that the product of this reaction is hydrogen gas. This gas extinguishes a burning candle, confirming its identity as hydrogen.

The similarity in chemical properties of acids can be attributed to the presence of hydrogen ions (H+) in all acids. These ions are responsible for the characteristic acidic nature of these compounds.

When an acid dissolves in water, it releases hydrogen ions (H+). These ions cause the solution to have acidic properties.

Acids conduct electricity because they produce mobile ions when dissolved in water. These ions carry the electric charge.

Substances like glucose and alcohol do not release ions when dissolved in water. They do not have free-moving charged particles to carry electric current.

If the bulb glows in a solution, that solution conducts electricity because it has free ions to carry the current.

Substances like sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) are bases. They release hydroxide ions (OH-) in water which makes them conduct electricity.

When concentrated sulfuric acid reacts with solid sodium chloride, it produces hydrogen chloride gas, a colorless gas with a pungent smell. This indicates that HCl is formed even without water, showing that acids can produce ions even in a non-aqueous environment.

The substance formed when an acid and a base react is called a salt.

The ability of acids to form salts when reacting with bases is one of the key properties of acids.

The strength of an acid or base depends on the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) or hydroxide ions (OH-) it produces. Strong acids produce more H+ ions, while weak acids produce less. Similarly, strong bases release more OH- ions, while weak bases release fewer.

A pH scale is a numerical measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. Acids have a pH less than 7, while bases have a pH greater than 7.

Acid rain is rainfall with a pH less than 5.6, which is caused by the presence of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the atmosphere. These pollutants react with water to form acidic compounds.

Living organisms can survive only within a narrow range of pH changes. For example, the human body maintains a pH between 7.0 and 7.8. Deviation from this range can disrupt essential biological processes.

The specific pH range required for healthy plant growth depends on the type of plant. Different plants have adapted to different pH ranges in their natural environment.

There are different methods to test the pH of a solution, including the use of pH indicators, pH meters, and pH paper.

The pH value of soil can be determined using various methods, including the use of pH meters, pH paper, and soil testing kits. These methods provide a quantitative measure of soil acidity or alkalinity.

Calcium sulfate hemihydrate, or CaSO4.1/2H2O, is a white powder that hardens when mixed with water, forming a solid mass. It is known as Plaster of Paris because it was originally produced near the city of Paris, France.

The chemical reaction of Plaster of Paris with water forms gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O) and releases heat. The reaction can be represented as: CaSO4.1/2H2O + 1.5H2O → CaSO4.2H2O

The chemical reaction between Plaster of Paris and water forms gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O)

Calcium sulfate hemihydrate (Plaster of Paris) is formed by heating gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O) at a temperature around 150°C. The heating process drives out some water molecules from the gypsum, resulting in the formation of Plaster of Paris.

Plaster of Paris is a common name for calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CaSO4.1/2H2O). It was named after the city of Paris, where it was first produced

Bleaching powder is a common name for calcium hypochlorite (CaOCl2). It is a white powder that is widely used as a disinfectant and bleaching agent

Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) is commonly used for softening hard water by removing the dissolved calcium and magnesium ions. It's also called 'Washing soda' because it is used as a cleaning agent.

Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), also known as baking soda, decomposes upon heating to form sodium carbonate, water, and carbon dioxide. The reaction can be represented as: 2NaHCO3(s) → Na2CO3(s) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

Acids require water to donate hydrogen ions (H+). This is because water acts as a solvent, allowing acids to dissociate into ions and exhibit acidic properties like reacting with bases or turning litmus paper red.

A neutral solution has a pH of 7, a strongly alkaline solution has a pH greater than 10, and a strongly acidic solution has a pH less than 3. A weakly acidic solution has a pH between 3 and 5, and a weakly alkaline solution has a pH between 8 and 10.

Magnesium reacts more vigorously with hydrochloric acid (HCl) than with acetic acid (CH3COOH). This is because HCl is a strong acid, meaning it dissociates completely in water and releases more hydrogen ions (H+). Acetic acid is a weak acid; it dissociates partially in water and releases fewer H+ ions. The reaction with magnesium produces hydrogen gas, causing fizzing, which is more vigorous with the stronger acid due to the greater release of H+ ions.

As milk turns into curd, the pH decreases, becoming more acidic. This is because bacteria convert lactose (milk sugar) into lactic acid. Lactic acid is acidic and lowers the pH of the milk, making it sour.

Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3) is slightly alkaline (pH slightly above 7). Adding a small amount to milk increases the pH, making it slightly alkaline. This helps preserve the milk's sweetness and prevents it from becoming sour quickly. However, the alkaline environment makes it difficult for the bacteria that convert milk to curd to thrive, slowing down the curdling process.

Plaster of Paris (CaSO4.1/2H2O) absorbs water from the air and reacts with it to form gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O). This process is called setting, and the hardened gypsum is stronger and less porous than Plaster of Paris. To prevent this setting, Plaster of Paris should be stored in moisture-proof containers to ensure it remains usable.

Washing Soda (sodium carbonate, Na2CO3) is used in detergents, glass making, and water softening. Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3) is used in baking, as an antacid, and for cleaning.