Chemistry Chapters 1-3 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

Which statement best summarizes the difference between ionic and molecular compounds?

  • Molecular compounds contain highly directional covalent bonds, which results in the formation of molecules—discrete particles that do not covalently bond to each other. Ionic compounds contain non-directional ionic bonds, which results (in the solid phase) in the formation of ionic lattices—extended networks of alternating cations and anions. (correct)
  • The key difference between ionic and covalent compounds is the types of elements that compose them, not the way that the atoms bond together.
  • A molecular compound is composed of covalently bonded molecules. An ionic compound is composed of ionically bonded molecules (in the solid phase).
  • Molecular compounds contain covalent bonds in which one of the atoms shares an electron with the other one, resulting in a new force that holds the atoms together in a covalent molecule. Ionic compounds contain ionic bonds in which one atom donates an electron to the other, resulting in a new force that holds the ions together in pairs (in the solid phase).

    • What is the main goal of chemistry?

  • The main goal of chemistry is to create new elements and use them for the cure of incurable diseases.
  • The main goal of chemistry is to connect biology and physics.
  • The main goal of chemistry is to discover special properties of elements in order to create new materials for use in everyday life.
  • The main goal of chemistry is to seek to understand the behavior of matter by studying the behavior of atoms and molecules. (correct)

    • Which statement best explains the difference between a law and a theory?

  • A theory describes what nature does; a law describes why nature does it.
  • A law summarizes a series of related observations; a theory gives the underlying reasons for them. (correct)
  • A law is truth; a theory is mere speculation.

    • What theory did John Dalton formulate?

    <p>The atomic theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Difference Between Ionic and Molecular Compounds

    • Ionic compounds consist of ions bonded through ionic bonds, forming ionic lattices in solid phases.
    • Molecular compounds are made of molecules held together by covalent bonds, which involve the sharing of electrons.
    • Molecular compounds form discrete particles, while ionic compounds create extended networks of alternating cations and anions.

    Main Goal of Chemistry

    • The primary aim of chemistry is to understand the behavior of matter by researching the behavior of atoms and molecules.
    • This understanding may involve connections to other sciences, but the focus remains on atomic and molecular interactions.

    Difference Between a Law and a Theory

    • A scientific law summarizes observations and provides a consistent description of certain phenomena.
    • A theory explains why these phenomena occur, providing a deeper understanding of the underlying principles.
    • Laws are established facts, whereas theories may evolve as new information emerges.

    John Dalton's Contribution

    • John Dalton formulated the atomic theory, which posits that matter is composed of discrete units called atoms.
    • This theory laid the groundwork for modern chemistry by explaining the conservation of mass and the combination of elements.

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    Test your understanding of key concepts from Chemistry Chapters 1 to 3 with these flashcards. This quiz focuses on the differences between ionic and molecular compounds, as well as other essential topics. Perfect for reviewing before exams or reinforcing your knowledge.

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