Chemistry Chapter: Reactivity & Valence Electrons
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Chemistry Chapter: Reactivity & Valence Electrons

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason for metals becoming more reactive as you move down a group in the periodic table?

  • Higher ionization energies for outer electrons
  • Increased atomic size leading to easier loss of outer electrons (correct)
  • Increased number of protons in the nucleus
  • Decreased distance between outer electrons and the nucleus

    • Why are noble gases considered non-reactive?

  • They have no electrons in their outer energy level
  • They have fewer protons than other elements in the periodic table
  • They readily gain electrons to become stable
  • Their outer energy levels are stable with a full set of valence electrons (correct)

    • How does the atomic radius change as you move from right to left across a period in the periodic table?

  • It remains constant across the period
  • It increases because of decreased nuclear charge (correct)
  • It varies unpredictably across the period
  • It decreases due to increased nuclear charge

    • Which statement best describes the reactivity of non-metals as you move up a group?

    <p>They become more reactive as they gain electrons more easily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the size of an atom, often referred to as its atomic radius?

    <p>The distance from the nucleus to the outermost electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic trend is observed in the reactivity of elements as you move down a group for metals?

    <p>Reactivity increases because outer electrons are further from the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do valence electrons play in chemical reactions?

    <p>They are involved in gaining, losing, or sharing during reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following groups of elements is most likely to be highly reactive?

    <p>Alkali metals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Reactivity and Valence Electrons

    • Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons.
    • Valence electrons are located in the outermost energy level of an atom.
    • Atoms can gain, lose, or share valence electrons during chemical reactions.
    • Noble gases are non-reactive because they have a full set of valence electrons, making them chemically stable.
    • Elements near noble gases are very reactive because they only need to gain or lose one electron to achieve stability.

    Atomic Size and Reactivity

    • Atomic radius is the distance from the nucleus to the outermost electrons.
    • Atoms get larger as you move down the periodic table.
    • As valence electrons are further from the nucleus, the element becomes more reactive.
    • Atoms also become larger moving from right to left across a period, increasing their reactivity.

    Metal Reactivity

    • Metals become more reactive moving down a group.
    • Larger atoms have valence electrons further from the nucleus, making them easier to lose.

    Non-Metal Reactivity

    • Non-metals become more reactive moving up a group.
    • Smaller atoms have a stronger nucleus attraction, making it easier to gain electrons.

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    Description

    This quiz covers key concepts related to reactivity and valence electrons in chemistry. Learn about the significance of valence electrons, atomic size, and their relationship with an element's reactivity. Understand how different groups in the periodic table exhibit varying reactivity based on atomic structure.

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