Questions and Answers
What are monatomic ions?
ions formed from one atom
Give three examples of monatomic ions.
K+, Mg2+, Al3+
What do you need to know about symbols and formulas for ions?
All symbols and formulas for the ions we had quizzes on
What determines the order in which the component elements of binary molecular compounds are written?
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In what unit is formula mass expressed?
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How do you convert between moles, grams, and atoms?
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What are oxidation numbers?
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What are four useful functions of oxidation numbers?
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What three types of information are used to find an empirical formula from percentage composition data?
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What is the relationship between the empirical formula and the molecular formula of a compound?
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Study Notes
Monatomic Ions
- Monatomic ions are ions formed from one atom.
- Examples of monatomic ions include K^+, Mg^2+, Al^3+.
Writing Binary Molecular Compounds
- In binary molecular compounds, the component elements are written in the order of least electronegative first.
Formula Mass
- Formula mass is expressed in units of u (unified atomic mass units) or amu (atomic mass units).
Converting between Moles and Grams
- Moles can be converted to grams, and grams can be converted to moles.
- Moles can also be converted to atoms, and grams can be converted to atoms.
Oxidation Numbers
- Oxidation numbers are assigned numbers that are the charge of the cation to make the compound neutral.
- Oxidation numbers serve four useful functions:
- Naming compounds
- Writing formulas
- Balancing chemical equations
- Studying chemical reactions
Empirical Formula
- An empirical formula can be found from percentage composition data using three types of information:
- Composition by mass
- Composition by moles
- The simplest whole number ratio of atoms
- The empirical formula represents the whole number ratio of elements in a compound.
- The molecular formula is related to the empirical formula, representing the ratio of the empirical formula.
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Description
Review key concepts in Chemistry Chapter 7, including monatomic ions, ion symbols, and formulas for binary molecular compounds. Practice with flashcards to reinforce your understanding.
