Chemistry Chapter 7 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is a monatomic ion?

An ion that contains oxygen

An ion formed from a single atom (correct)

An ion formed from multiple atoms

A type of binary compound

What is a binary compound?

A chemical compound composed of only two elements.

What does nomenclature refer to?

A system of naming.

Define oxyanion.

A polyatomic ion composed of an element bonded to one or more oxygen atoms. Signup and view all the answers

What is salt in chemistry?

An ionic compound composed of a cation and the anion from an acid. Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by oxidation number?

A positive or negative number indicating how many electrons an atom has gained, lost, or shared. Signup and view all the answers

What are oxidation states?

Assigned to the atoms composing the compound or ion. Signup and view all the answers

Define formula mass.

The sum of the average atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule, formula unit, or ion. Signup and view all the answers

What is percentage composition?

The percentage by mass of each element in a compound. Signup and view all the answers

What is an empirical formula?

A formula showing the smallest whole-number mole ratio of the elements in a compound. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Monatomic Ion

An ion formed from a single atom.
Most ions exist as monatomic ions.

Binary Compound

Composed of two elements only.
In binary ionic compounds, the positive charge of the cation equals the negative charge of the anion.

Nomenclature

A system for naming in various fields, especially sciences.
Essential for professions such as law, where understanding specific nomenclature is crucial.

Oxyanion

A polyatomic ion made of an element (usually nonmetal) and one or more oxygen atoms.
Example: Chlorine forms four different oxyanions by combining with oxygen.

Salt

An ionic compound formed from a cation and the anion from an acid.
Created by the combination of an acid's anion with a base's cation.

Oxidation Number

Indicates the electrons gained, lost, or shared by an atom to achieve stability.
Example: The oxidation number of carbon in a molecule can be +4.

Oxidation States

Assigned to atoms within compounds or ions.
Reflects the same concept as oxidation numbers; for instance, carbon can have an oxidation state of +4.

Formula Mass

The total of average atomic masses for all atoms represented in a molecular formula or ion.
Used extensively in chemical calculations.

Percentage Composition

Represents the mass percentage of each element within a compound.
Useful for determining the contribution of each element to the overall mass of a compound.

Empirical Formula

Indicates the smallest whole-number mole ratio of elements in a compound.
Essential for solving chemical formula problems.

Description

Test your understanding of key concepts from Chemistry Chapter 7 with these flashcards. Learn definitions like 'monatomic ion', 'binary compound', and 'nomenclature' to solidify your knowledge of chemical terminology and classifications. Perfect for quick reviews and self-assessment!