Chemistry Chapter 7 Flashcards

Study Notes

Monatomic Ion

An ion formed from a single atom.
Most ions exist as monatomic ions.

Binary Compound

Composed of two elements only.
In binary ionic compounds, the positive charge of the cation equals the negative charge of the anion.

Nomenclature

A system for naming in various fields, especially sciences.
Essential for professions such as law, where understanding specific nomenclature is crucial.

Oxyanion

A polyatomic ion made of an element (usually nonmetal) and one or more oxygen atoms.
Example: Chlorine forms four different oxyanions by combining with oxygen.

Salt

An ionic compound formed from a cation and the anion from an acid.
Created by the combination of an acid's anion with a base's cation.

Oxidation Number

Indicates the electrons gained, lost, or shared by an atom to achieve stability.
Example: The oxidation number of carbon in a molecule can be +4.

Oxidation States

Assigned to atoms within compounds or ions.
Reflects the same concept as oxidation numbers; for instance, carbon can have an oxidation state of +4.

Formula Mass

The total of average atomic masses for all atoms represented in a molecular formula or ion.
Used extensively in chemical calculations.

Percentage Composition

Represents the mass percentage of each element within a compound.
Useful for determining the contribution of each element to the overall mass of a compound.

Empirical Formula

Indicates the smallest whole-number mole ratio of elements in a compound.
Essential for solving chemical formula problems.

Description

Test your understanding of key concepts from Chemistry Chapter 7 with these flashcards. Learn definitions like 'monatomic ion', 'binary compound', and 'nomenclature' to solidify your knowledge of chemical terminology and classifications. Perfect for quick reviews and self-assessment!