Questions and Answers
What are the primary ingredients of most shampoo?
What type of hair is formed by protein chains that connect to other protein chains?
Human hair
What is designed to treat scalp and hair problems or disorders?
Medicated shampoo
What are examples of a physical change?
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What has a pH of 7 and is considered neutral?
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What can be recommended for a person who is ill and bedridden to wash their hair?
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What is formed when two or more non-mixable substances are united with the help of a binder?
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What is a substance that is able to dissolve another substance?
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What are the building blocks of amino acids?
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What is usually alkaline and not recommended for color-treated or damaged hair?
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What are the main ingredients found in most neutralizers?
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What is comprised of atoms?
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What would a client’s natural hair pH be after it has been permed, colored, sculpted, and designed properly within the past three months?
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What is used by salon professionals and classified as an oil-in-water emulsion?
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What has more positive hydrogen ions than negative hydroxide ions?
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What substance is classified as a chemical change?
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What are the main chemical ingredients found in alkaline waves?
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Study Notes
Shampoo and Hair Care
- Most shampoos primarily consist of deionized or pure water.
- Medicated shampoo is formulated to address specific scalp and hair disorders.
- Human hair is formed by intricate protein chains linked through various bonds.
Physical and Chemical Changes
- A haircut and using a blow dryer represent physical changes, which do not alter the hair's chemical structure.
- Emulsions consist of two or more non-mixable substances combined with a binder.
- Permanent hair color procedures are classified as chemical changes.
pH Levels and Products
- Distilled water has a neutral pH of 7.
- Clarifying shampoos typically have higher alkalinity to effectively remove product buildup and dirt.
- Acid-balanced shampoos are designed to match the pH of hair and skin.
Molecules and Solvents
- Molecules are formed by the bonding of two or more atoms.
- Solvents dissolve other substances, essential for various products.
Surfactants and Cleaning Agents
- Surfactants possess lipophilic and hydrophilic properties for removing oil from hair.
- Shampoo cleanses the hair and scalp, eliminating foreign matter without causing harm.
Ingredients and Compounds
- Temporary hair colors contain certified colors for styling.
- Common ingredients in neutralizers include hydrogen peroxide, sodium perborate, and sodium bromate.
- The primary ingredient in alkaline waves is thioglycolic acid, while acid waves use glyceryl monothioglycolate.
Amino Acids and Proteins
- Amino acids, made from carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen, join to form proteins.
- Side bonds play a crucial role in holding protein chains together, contributing to hair structure.
Solutions
- Solutions consist of two or more types of molecules that are evenly dispersed.
- An acidic solution has more positive hydrogen ions than negative hydroxide ions, indicating its acidic nature.
Miscellaneous
- Powder dry shampoo is an option for those unable to wash hair regularly due to illness.
- Understanding the chemical makeup of hair and the products used is vital for effective hair care and maintenance.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards focused on the key concepts from Chapter 5 of Chemistry. Covering essential ingredients in shampoo and the properties of human hair, this quiz is perfect for reviewing important information in chemistry. Prepare for exams or solidify your understanding today!
