Chemistry Chapter 5 Flashcards

The Father of the Periodic Table

By arranging them according to increasing atomic mass.

It was organized by mass numbers, not atomic numbers.

<p>A pattern of elements fit better when arranged by atomic number.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic number.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An arrangement of the elements in order of their atomic numbers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemically unreactive gases located in the last vertical column of the periodic table.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The fourteen elements with atomic numbers ranging from 58 to 71.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The fourteen elements ranging from atomic number 90 to 103.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Repeatable properties and characteristics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Periods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of principal energy levels being filled.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Groups or families.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To the left of the staircase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Group IA is called alkali metals, and Group IIA is called alkaline earth metals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alkali metals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Good conductors of heat and electricity; shiny; malleable; ductile; mostly solid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To the right of the staircase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Group VIIA, halogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Group VIA is called chalcogens, Group VIIA is called halogens, and Group VIIIA is called noble gases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insulators; dull; brittle; not malleable or ductile; mostly gaseous.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An element that has properties of both metals and nonmetals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, tellurium, polonium, and astatine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the middle of the periodic table from groups 3 to 12.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have unfilled 'd' orbitals in their electron configurations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are very unreactive due to their completely filled outer energy levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One-half the distance between the nuclei of bonded atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atomic radius increases due to an increase in the number of energy levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>More energy levels lead to a larger atomic size.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It decreases as the nucleus gets larger and attracts electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A charged atom formed by the gain or loss of electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Any process that results in the formation of an ion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ionization energy generally decreases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electrons are far from the nucleus and can be more easily removed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ionization energy generally increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>More nuclear charge attracts electrons more strongly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Each successive ionization energy is higher than the first.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The energy change that occurs when an electron is acquired by a neutral atom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases going across a period and decreases down a group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atoms that want to gain electrons to achieve stability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A positive ion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A negative ion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ionic radii of metals are smaller than atomic radii, while nonmetals have larger ionic radii.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electronegativity increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Going toward nonmetals that want to gain electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electronegativity decreases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Smaller atoms are better at pulling electrons in.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Groups 1 and 2 on the Periodic Table.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Active metals with +1/+2 oxidation states that form basic oxides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Elements found in Groups 13 - 18 on the Periodic Table.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Most are nonmetals with variable oxidation states that form acidic oxides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Groups 3 - 12 on the Periodic Table.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>d-block elements exhibit variable oxidation states and form colored compounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Elements # 58 - 71 and # 90 - 103.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lanthanides and actinides show similar chemical properties and include radioactive elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers