Questions and Answers
What is the correct name for the compound NH4Cl?
Which of the following is an example of a common name?
What is the correct formula for lithium nitride?
What is the value of Z* when it equals +6?
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If Z* increases by 1 unit, which value would Z* take after starting from +5?
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What is the systematic name for N2O5?
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Which ionic compound is correctly named?
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What follows immediately after the value of Z* reaching +8?
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Considering the incremental pattern observed, which value should Z* not equal if it starts at +4?
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What is the formula for carbon tetrachloride?
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Which of these values represents a correct sequence increment after Z* equals +3?
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Which of the following compounds contains a polyatomic ion?
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What does the term 'dihydrogen dioxide' refer to?
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What is the final value of Z* when it is incremented from +6 to +8?
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If Z* starts at +5 and is increased twice by 1, what is the final value of Z*?
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How many times does Z* increase to reach from +7 to +10?
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What is the result of Z* when starting from +8 and then decreasing by 2?
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If Z* was initially at +9 and decreases by 1 three times, what is its value?
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When Z* starts at +1 and is increased by 7, what is the final value?
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If Z* increases successively from +6 to +10, how many total increments are there?
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What is the final value of Z* if it starts from +8 and is incremented three times?
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What does effective nuclear charge refer to?
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What is the purpose of inner-shell shielding?
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Which factor contributes to atomic size trends in the periodic table?
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What trend typically occurs in ionization energy across a period in the periodic table?
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How does electronegativity typically change down a group in the periodic table?
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Which element's atomic structure supports the highest effective nuclear charge?
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What is the effect of increasing inner-shell shielding on ionization energy?
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In the context of the periodic table, which statement is true regarding density?
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What does ionization energy measure?
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Which factor affects the ionization energy of an element?
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What does the symbol Z* represent in relation to lithium?
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How does the size of an atom typically change across a period in the periodic table?
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Why does a smaller atomic radius contribute to higher ionization energy?
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What happens to the ionization energy as atomic size decreases?
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Which of the following best describes the relationship between ionization energy and atomic size?
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What is the effect of stronger nuclear attraction on ionization energy?
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Study Notes
Chemical Nomenclature
- Ammonium chloride is represented by the formula NH4Cl.
- Negatively charged polyatomic ions typically appear at the end of compound names, e.g., lithium nitrate (LiNO3).
- Common names are sometimes used for convenience in chemical nomenclature.
Examples of Compounds
- H2O is known as dihydrogen monoxide (water).
- H2O2 is referred to as dihydrogen dioxide (hydrogen peroxide).
Quiz on Compound Names
- Li3N is called lithium nitride.
- CaF2 is known as calcium fluoride.
- Li2O refers to lithium oxide.
- Sr3P2 is called strontium phosphide.
- NO2 is nitrogen dioxide, while N2O is dinitrogen monoxide.
- N2O5 is known as dinitrogen pentaoxide and CCl4 as carbon tetrachloride.
The Shell Model & Periodic Table
- The shell model explains the organization of elements in the periodic table.
- Electron shells help predict the properties of elements, including atomic size and ionization energy.
Periodic Properties
- Atomic size decreases across periods due to increasing nuclear charge and electron-electron interactions.
- Ionization energy represents the energy required to remove an electron from an atom; this increases across a period.
- Electronegativity, density, and effective nuclear charge also play important roles in determining element properties.
Effective Nuclear Charge and Inner-shell Shielding
- Inner-shell shielding refers to the phenomenon where inner electrons partially shield outer-shell electrons from the nuclear charge.
- Effective nuclear charge (Z*) is the actual nuclear charge felt by outer-shell electrons, factoring in electron shielding.
Period 2 Elements
- Z* values increase as you move across period 2, illustrating the relationship between nuclear charge and electron distribution.
- Elements display varying atomic sizes, with a consistent trend of smaller sizes across the period.
- Lithium, sodium, and other elements in period 2 demonstrate clear trends in ionization energy and atomic radii.
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Description
Test your knowledge on ammonium chloride and polyatomic ions in this Chemistry Chapter 3 quiz. This quiz covers guidelines for naming and characteristics of chemical compounds. Brush up on your chemical nomenclature and enhance your understanding of ionic compounds.
