Chemistry Chapter 3 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the correct name for the compound NH4Cl?

  • Lithium chloride
  • Ammonium chloride (correct)
  • Ammonium chlorate
  • Nitrogen chloride

    • Which of the following is an example of a common name?

  • Water (correct)
  • Dihydrogen monoxide
  • Nitrogen dioxide
  • Dihydrogen dioxide

    • What is the correct formula for lithium nitride?

  • LiN
  • Li2N
  • Li3N (correct)
  • Li4N

    • What is the value of Z* when it equals +6?

    <p>+6 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If Z* increases by 1 unit, which value would Z* take after starting from +5?

    <p>+6 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the systematic name for N2O5?

    <p>Dinitrogen pentaoxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ionic compound is correctly named?

    <p>CaF2 - Calcium fluoride (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What follows immediately after the value of Z* reaching +8?

    <p>+9 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Considering the incremental pattern observed, which value should Z* not equal if it starts at +4?

    <p>+8 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for carbon tetrachloride?

    <p>CCl4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these values represents a correct sequence increment after Z* equals +3?

    <p>+5 (A), +4 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds contains a polyatomic ion?

    <p>LiNO3 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'dihydrogen dioxide' refer to?

    <p>Water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final value of Z* when it is incremented from +6 to +8?

    <p>+8 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If Z* starts at +5 and is increased twice by 1, what is the final value of Z*?

    <p>+7 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many times does Z* increase to reach from +7 to +10?

    <p>2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of Z* when starting from +8 and then decreasing by 2?

    <p>+6 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If Z* was initially at +9 and decreases by 1 three times, what is its value?

    <p>+7 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When Z* starts at +1 and is increased by 7, what is the final value?

    <p>+8 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If Z* increases successively from +6 to +10, how many total increments are there?

    <p>3 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final value of Z* if it starts from +8 and is incremented three times?

    <p>+11 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does effective nuclear charge refer to?

    <p>The charge experienced by outer-shell electrons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of inner-shell shielding?

    <p>To shield outer-shell electrons from nuclear charge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes to atomic size trends in the periodic table?

    <p>Effective nuclear charge experienced by outer-shell electrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What trend typically occurs in ionization energy across a period in the periodic table?

    <p>Ionization energy increases from left to right (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does electronegativity typically change down a group in the periodic table?

    <p>Electronegativity decreases down a group (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element's atomic structure supports the highest effective nuclear charge?

    <p>Helium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing inner-shell shielding on ionization energy?

    <p>Ionization energy decreases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the periodic table, which statement is true regarding density?

    <p>Density increases down a group. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ionization energy measure?

    <p>The energy needed to remove an electron from an atom (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor affects the ionization energy of an element?

    <p>Atomic size (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the symbol Z* represent in relation to lithium?

    <p>The effective nuclear charge experienced by an electron (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the size of an atom typically change across a period in the periodic table?

    <p>It decreases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does a smaller atomic radius contribute to higher ionization energy?

    <p>It reduces electron shielding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the ionization energy as atomic size decreases?

    <p>It increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the relationship between ionization energy and atomic size?

    <p>Inversely proportional (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of stronger nuclear attraction on ionization energy?

    <p>It increases ionization energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chemical Nomenclature

    • Ammonium chloride is represented by the formula NH4Cl.
    • Negatively charged polyatomic ions typically appear at the end of compound names, e.g., lithium nitrate (LiNO3).
    • Common names are sometimes used for convenience in chemical nomenclature.

    Examples of Compounds

    • H2O is known as dihydrogen monoxide (water).
    • H2O2 is referred to as dihydrogen dioxide (hydrogen peroxide).

    Quiz on Compound Names

    • Li3N is called lithium nitride.
    • CaF2 is known as calcium fluoride.
    • Li2O refers to lithium oxide.
    • Sr3P2 is called strontium phosphide.
    • NO2 is nitrogen dioxide, while N2O is dinitrogen monoxide.
    • N2O5 is known as dinitrogen pentaoxide and CCl4 as carbon tetrachloride.

    The Shell Model & Periodic Table

    • The shell model explains the organization of elements in the periodic table.
    • Electron shells help predict the properties of elements, including atomic size and ionization energy.

    Periodic Properties

    • Atomic size decreases across periods due to increasing nuclear charge and electron-electron interactions.
    • Ionization energy represents the energy required to remove an electron from an atom; this increases across a period.
    • Electronegativity, density, and effective nuclear charge also play important roles in determining element properties.

    Effective Nuclear Charge and Inner-shell Shielding

    • Inner-shell shielding refers to the phenomenon where inner electrons partially shield outer-shell electrons from the nuclear charge.
    • Effective nuclear charge (Z*) is the actual nuclear charge felt by outer-shell electrons, factoring in electron shielding.

    Period 2 Elements

    • Z* values increase as you move across period 2, illustrating the relationship between nuclear charge and electron distribution.
    • Elements display varying atomic sizes, with a consistent trend of smaller sizes across the period.
    • Lithium, sodium, and other elements in period 2 demonstrate clear trends in ionization energy and atomic radii.

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    Conceptual Chemistry - Naming Compounds Lecture Notes PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on ammonium chloride and polyatomic ions in this Chemistry Chapter 3 quiz. This quiz covers guidelines for naming and characteristics of chemical compounds. Brush up on your chemical nomenclature and enhance your understanding of ionic compounds.

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