Questions and Answers
What is matter?
What is chemistry?
Study of the composition of matter and the changes that matter undergoes.
What are the 5 traditional areas in chemistry?
Organic, inorganic, biochemistry, analytical, and physical chemistry.
What is organic chemistry?
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What is inorganic chemistry?
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What is biochemistry?
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What is analytical chemistry?
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What is physical chemistry?
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What is pure chemistry?
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What is applied chemistry?
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What are three general reasons to study chemistry?
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What is technology in the context of chemistry?
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What are some outcomes of modern research in chemistry?
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How did Lavoisier help to transform chemistry?
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What are the steps in the scientific method?
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What is the scientific method?
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What is observation?
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What is a hypothesis?
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What is an experiment?
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What is an independent variable?
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What is a dependent variable?
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What is a model?
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What is a theory?
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What is a scientific law?
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What role do collaboration and communication play in science?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Chemistry
- Matter: Any substance with mass that occupies space.
- Chemistry: The scientific study focused on the composition of matter and its transformations.
Areas of Chemistry
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Five Traditional Areas:
- Organic Chemistry: Focuses on carbon-containing compounds.
- Inorganic Chemistry: Studies compounds that do not contain carbon.
- Biochemistry: Examines chemical processes in living organisms.
- Analytical Chemistry: Analyzes the composition and properties of substances.
- Physical Chemistry: Investigates the physical principles underlying chemical systems.
Types of Chemistry
- Pure Chemistry: Involves seeking knowledge for its own merit without a specific application in mind.
- Applied Chemistry: Research aimed at practical applications or solutions to real-world problems.
Importance of Studying Chemistry
- Explains natural phenomena and processes.
- Prepares individuals for various career paths in science and technology.
- Cultivates informed citizenship by enhancing understanding of scientific issues.
Role of Technology in Society
- Technology is employed to fulfill societal needs for goods and services.
Contributions of Modern Chemistry Research
- Aims to develop technologies to:
- Benefit the environment.
- Conserve and produce energy.
- Enhance human health and quality of life.
- Broaden our understanding of the universe.
Historical Influence on Chemistry
- Antoine Lavoisier: Transformed chemistry by introducing measurement techniques, moving it from descriptive to quantitative analysis.
Scientific Methodology
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Steps in the Scientific Method:
- Observe: Gather information through sensory experience.
- Hypothesize: Formulate an explanation based on observations.
- Experiment: Conduct tests to validate or invalidate the hypothesis.
- Conclude: Analyze the data and derive conclusions.
- Develop Theory: Formulate a well-supported explanation based on repeated testing.
Components of Scientific Research
- Observation: Understanding phenomena through sensory data.
- Hypothesis: A testable prediction explaining observed facts.
- Experiment: A methodical procedure testing the validity of a hypothesis.
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Variables:
- Independent Variable: The factor manipulated in an experiment.
- Dependent Variable: The outcome measured in response to changes in the independent variable.
- Model: A conceptual or physical representation explaining or predicting behaviors in a system.
Concepts in Scientific Understanding
- Theory: A comprehensive explanation derived from extensive testing and observations.
- Scientific Law: A concise summary of consistent observations and experimental results, typically expressed mathematically.
Collaborative Nature of Science
- Collaboration and communication are essential for sharing research findings and advances in scientific understanding.
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Description
Explore the basics of chemistry with these flashcards covering key terms and definitions. This quiz will introduce you to fundamental concepts such as matter and the five traditional areas in chemistry. Perfect for beginners looking to strengthen their understanding of chemistry fundamentals.