24 Questions
What are the general physical properties of metals?
Hard, shiny, malleable, good conductors of heat, good conductors of electricity, ductile, and strong
What happens when you put a glowing splint in oxygen gas?
The splint continues to burn brighter
Which group of elements are called the alkali metals?
Group 1
What type of solutions do non-metal oxides form when dissolved in water?
Acidic solutions
Where are transition metals located on the periodic table?
Left and middle
Which group of elements are called the noble or inert gases?
Group 0 (group 8)
What is the charge of a neutron?
0
What is the mass of an electron?
tiny
What did Mendeleev do to fit atoms in the groups he wanted in the periodic table?
Moved some elements
What is the atomic number defined as?
Number of protons in an atom
What are the columns going down the periodic table called?
Groups
What is the predominant type of element found on the periodic table?
Metals
Which group of elements is known to react violently with water?
Group 1 metals
What type of solution do metal oxides form when dissolved in water?
Alkaline
Where are transition metals located on the periodic table?
Between groups 2 and 3
What is the purpose of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?
To speed up the reaction
What is the general term for the elements in Group 0 (or Group 8) of the periodic table?
Noble or inert gases
What happens when you put a glowing splint in a gas to test if it is oxygen?
The splint continues to glow brightly
How did Mendeleev's periodic table differ from the early periodic table?
It was arranged in order of atomic number
What is the mass number defined as?
The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom
Which type of sub-atomic particle is found within the nucleus of an atom?
Proton
What is the charge of an electron?
-1
What do compounds consist of?
Two or more elements chemically bonded together
What is the number of protons in an atom referred to as?
Atomic number
Study Notes
Physical Properties of Metals
- Metals have characteristic physical properties such as high melting and boiling points, high density, and high thermal and electrical conductivity.
Reaction with Oxygen
- When a glowing splint is put in oxygen gas, it relights, indicating the presence of oxygen.
Alkali Metals
- The group of elements that are highly reactive and include lithium, sodium, potassium, and others are called alkali metals.
Non-Metal Oxides
- Non-metal oxides form acid solutions when dissolved in water.
Transition Metals
- Transition metals are located in the d-block of the periodic table, which includes groups 3-12.
Noble Gases
- The group of elements that are unreactive and include helium, neon, argon, and others are called noble or inert gases.
Subatomic Particles
- A neutron has no charge.
- The mass of an electron is very small, approximately 1/1836 that of a proton.
Mendeleev's Periodic Table
- Mendeleev fit atoms in the groups he wanted in the periodic table by leaving gaps for undiscovered elements.
Atomic Number and Mass Number
- The atomic number is defined as the number of protons in an atom's nucleus.
- The mass number is defined as the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.
Periodic Table Structure
- The columns going down the periodic table are called groups.
- The majority of elements on the periodic table are metals.
Reactivity with Water
- The alkali metals are known to react violently with water.
Metal Oxides
- Metal oxides form alkaline solutions when dissolved in water.
Catalysts
- The purpose of a catalyst in a chemical reaction is to speed up the reaction without being consumed by it.
Group 0 Elements
- The general term for the elements in Group 0 (or Group 8) of the periodic table is noble gases.
Mendeleev's Contributions
- Mendeleev's periodic table differed from the early periodic tables in that it was more accurate and predictive, and it included gaps for undiscovered elements.
Atomic Structure
- Protons, neutrons, and electrons are the three main types of sub-atomic particles found in an atom.
- The charge of an electron is negative.
Compounds
- Compounds consist of two or more different elements chemically bonded together.
Atomic Number
- The number of protons in an atom is referred to as the atomic number.
Test your knowledge of chemistry basics including atoms, sub-atomic particles, elements, compounds, and the periodic table. Learn about the structure of atoms and the differences between elements and compounds.
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