Questions and Answers
What is an Arrhenius acid?
What does an Arrhenius base produce when dissolved in water?
hydroxide ions (OH-)
What is a Bronsted-Lowry acid?
substance that donates a proton to another substance
What is a Bronsted-Lowry base?
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What forms when a base gains a proton?
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What forms when an acid loses a proton?
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An acidic solution is defined as having a pH of 7.0.
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What is the chemical formula for Hydrochloric Acid?
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What is the chemical formula for Nitric Acid?
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What is the chemical formula for Phosphoric Acid?
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What is the chemical formula for Sulfuric Acid?
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What is the chemical formula for Acetic Acid?
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What is the chemical formula for Ammonia?
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What is the chemical formula for Sodium Hydroxide?
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What is the chemical formula for Potassium Hydroxide?
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Study Notes
Acids and Bases Overview
- Arrhenius Acid: Produces hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous solution. Can also be represented as hydronium ion (H3O+).
- Arrhenius Base: Produces hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water.
Bronsted-Lowry Theory
- Bronsted-Lowry Acid: A substance that donates a proton to another substance.
- Bronsted-Lowry Base: A substance that accepts a proton from another substance.
Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs
- Conjugate Acid: Formed when a base gains a proton.
- Conjugate Base: Formed when an acid loses a proton.
Acidic Solutions
- Acidic Solution: Defined as having a pH less than 7.0.
Common Acids
- Hydrochloric Acid (HCl): A strong acid widely used in industrial processes.
- Nitric Acid (HNO3): Strong acid commonly used in fertilizers and explosives.
- Phosphoric Acid (H3PO4): Acid often used in soft drinks and as a rust remover.
- Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4): Strong acid used in batteries and industrial applications.
- Acetic Acid (CH3COOH): Main component of vinegar, used for culinary and preservation purposes.
Common Bases
- Ammonia (NH3): A compound that can act as a weak base, used in cleaning products and fertilizers.
- Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH): Strong base used in soap making and drain cleaners.
- Potassium Hydroxide (KOH): Strong base used in fertilizers and as an electrolyte in batteries.
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Description
This quiz covers key definitions of Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry acids and bases. Test your knowledge on how these compounds behave in aqueous solutions and their roles in acid-base chemistry. Perfect for chemistry students needing a quick review!
