26 Questions
What must a person challenging a search or seizure of a vehicle have in order to have a legitimate expectation of privacy?
A legitimate expectation of privacy recognized by society
In the example given, why was Villasenor unable to challenge the search of the car?
He disassociated himself from the car
What does the Fourth Amendment not protect?
Illegitimate privacy interests
What is required for an anonymous tip to justify a traffic stop?
The tip must have indicia of reliability
Based on the example provided, what did the U.S. Supreme Court determine about the reliability of the anonymous tip?
The tip was reliable enough to provide reasonable suspicion
In the example given, what details did the anonymous tip provide about Vanessa White and her vehicle?
All of the above
Based on the examples provided, which of the following is NOT a valid reason for a vehicle stop?
Driver's slow speed
In the second example, what specific factors contributed to the agent's reasonable suspicion of smuggling activity?
Activation of intrusion sensors
In the third example, why did the officer initiate a traffic stop on the red Ford Fairmont?
Intoxicated driving suspicion
According to the examples provided, what factors can contribute to a lawful vehicle stop?
Observations during surveillance
Which of the following is a valid reason for a temporary detention or vehicle stop?
The driver's vehicle matches the description of a vehicle involved in criminal activity.
What constitutes a detention or vehicle stop?
When an officer activates the red light on their patrol car.
What is required for a detention or vehicle stop to be valid?
The officer must have reasonable suspicion based on specific facts.
Can a detention or vehicle stop be based on erroneous computer or DMV information?
Yes, as long as the mistake was made by court personnel.
What is the basis for a lawful traffic stop?
An actual or suspected violation of the Vehicle Code or other law
What can contribute to reasonable suspicion of DUI?
Driving significantly below the posted speed limit
Based on the text, what justifies a detention even if no traffic violation is observed?
Sustained and pronounced weaving within a given lane
What is the difference between a lawful traffic stop and a pretext stop?
The officer's actions
Subjective intent of a law enforcement officer is relevant in determining whether their actions violate the Fourth Amendment.
False
What is the only exception to the rule that subjective intent of a law enforcement officer is irrelevant in Fourth Amendment analysis?
Special needs stops
What is the difference between a pretext stop and a ruse?
A pretext stop is when officers lack any legal basis for a stop, while a ruse is when officers fabricate the factual basis for the stop
When can an officer stop a vehicle displaying a temporary operating permit?
An officer can stop a vehicle displaying a temporary operating permit if they have reasonable suspicion that the particular permit is invalid
Under what circumstances can a traffic stop be considered lawful?
If the officer has reasonable suspicion to believe that the car is being driven in violation of license plate requirements.
When can a vehicle be lawfully detained for an investigatory detention?
If there is reasonable suspicion of criminal activity that may or may not be connected to a traffic offense.
What factors can contribute to reasonable suspicion for a vehicle stop?
The vehicle's speed and route suggest a 'casing' operation, the officer is familiar with the neighborhood and does not recognize the vehicle, and vans are linked to residential and auto burglaries in the area.
In the context of an investigatory detention, what can justify a traffic stop?
A robbery involving two armed African-American men wearing dark clothing with hoods that had just occurred nearby.
Chemical Supply House Surveillance: Test your detective skills with this quiz based on expert officers observing suspicious activities at a chemical supply house. Can you unravel the mystery of a Ford LTD loaded with ether and its connection to a remote desert goat ranch involved in drug manufacturing?
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