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Questions and Answers
What are the substances that undergo a chemical change called?
What are the substances that undergo a chemical change called?
reactants
What are the new substances formed in a chemical reaction called?
What are the new substances formed in a chemical reaction called?
products
In accordance with the law of conservation of _____, a chemical equation must be balanced.
In accordance with the law of conservation of _____, a chemical equation must be balanced.
mass
When balancing an equation, you place _____ in front of reactants and products.
When balancing an equation, you place _____ in front of reactants and products.
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An equation must never be balanced by changing the _____ in the chemical formula of a substance.
An equation must never be balanced by changing the _____ in the chemical formula of a substance.
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What is the symbol for a liquid?
What is the symbol for a liquid?
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What is the symbol for a solid?
What is the symbol for a solid?
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What is the symbol for a gas?
What is the symbol for a gas?
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What does (aq) denote in a chemical equation?
What does (aq) denote in a chemical equation?
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What is it possible to do with the products of some chemical reactions?
What is it possible to do with the products of some chemical reactions?
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What type of reaction involves two or more elements and/or compounds with a single product?
What type of reaction involves two or more elements and/or compounds with a single product?
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What type of reaction involves a single compound being broken down into simpler substances?
What type of reaction involves a single compound being broken down into simpler substances?
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In a single replacement reaction, what do the reactants typically involve?
In a single replacement reaction, what do the reactants typically involve?
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What can be used to predict whether most single-replacement reactions will take place?
What can be used to predict whether most single-replacement reactions will take place?
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What type of reaction involves the exchange of ions between two compounds?
What type of reaction involves the exchange of ions between two compounds?
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In a double replacement reaction, what type of solution is generally involved?
In a double replacement reaction, what type of solution is generally involved?
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What is one of the reactants in a combustion reaction?
What is one of the reactants in a combustion reaction?
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What are the products of the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon?
What are the products of the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon?
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In an equation, a substance is shown to be in the gaseous state by placing an upward-pointing arrow after its formula.
In an equation, a substance is shown to be in the gaseous state by placing an upward-pointing arrow after its formula.
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Atoms are destroyed in a chemical reaction.
Atoms are destroyed in a chemical reaction.
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A skeleton equation is not a balanced equation.
A skeleton equation is not a balanced equation.
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In a decomposition reaction, there is a single reactant.
In a decomposition reaction, there is a single reactant.
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The activity series of metals can be used to predict products in double replacement reactions.
The activity series of metals can be used to predict products in double replacement reactions.
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Carbon dioxide and water are the products of the combustion of hexane (C6H14).
Carbon dioxide and water are the products of the combustion of hexane (C6H14).
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A nonmetal can replace another nonmetal from a compound in a single-replacement reaction.
A nonmetal can replace another nonmetal from a compound in a single-replacement reaction.
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One of the products of a double-replacement reaction is a gas that bubbles out of the mixture.
One of the products of a double-replacement reaction is a gas that bubbles out of the mixture.
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What describes a symbolic way of showing a chemical reaction?
What describes a symbolic way of showing a chemical reaction?
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What is a chemical equation that does not indicate the amounts of substance involved called?
What is a chemical equation that does not indicate the amounts of substance involved called?
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What are the numbers used to balance a chemical equation called?
What are the numbers used to balance a chemical equation called?
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What is an equation called in which each side has the same number of atoms of each element?
What is an equation called in which each side has the same number of atoms of each element?
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What are the substances that undergo chemical change during a reaction called?
What are the substances that undergo chemical change during a reaction called?
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What are the new substances formed in a chemical reaction called?
What are the new substances formed in a chemical reaction called?
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What is a reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a single substance called?
What is a reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a single substance called?
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What is a reaction in which a single compound is broken down into two or more products called?
What is a reaction in which a single compound is broken down into two or more products called?
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What is the reaction in which atoms of one element replace atoms of a second element in a compound called?
What is the reaction in which atoms of one element replace atoms of a second element in a compound called?
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What is the reaction of a compound with oxygen to produce energy called?
What is the reaction of a compound with oxygen to produce energy called?
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What is a list of metals in order of decreasing reactivity called?
What is a list of metals in order of decreasing reactivity called?
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Bonds between atoms are broken and new bonds are formed during a chemical reaction.
Bonds between atoms are broken and new bonds are formed during a chemical reaction.
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New atoms are formed as products in a chemical reaction.
New atoms are formed as products in a chemical reaction.
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The final substances of a reaction are called reactants.
The final substances of a reaction are called reactants.
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Study Notes
Chemical Reactions Overview
- Chemical equations represent chemical reactions, detailing reactants and products.
- Reactants are the substances undergoing change; products are the new substances formed.
Law of Conservation of Mass
- According to this law, mass is conserved in chemical reactions; thus, equations must be balanced.
Balancing Chemical Equations
- Balancing involves placing coefficients in front of reactants and products to ensure equal atom numbers on both sides.
- Subscripts in chemical formulas must not be altered to achieve balance.
Symbols and Notations
- State symbols indicate the physical state of substances: (l) for liquid, (s) for solid, (g) for gas, and (aq) for substances dissolved in water.
Reaction Types
- Synthesis reactions combine two or more reactants to form one product.
- Decomposition reactions break one compound into two or more simpler substances.
- Single replacement reactions involve an element and a compound reacting, where the element replaces an atom in the compound.
- Activity series helps predict the feasibility of single replacement reactions based on metal reactivity.
- Double replacement reactions exchange ions between two ionic compounds, typically in aqueous solutions.
- Combustion reactions involve a hydrocarbon reacting with O2 to produce CO2 and H2O.
Chemical Reaction Misconceptions
- Atoms are not destroyed in reactions; they are rearranged.
- A skeleton equation is an unbalanced equation, whereas a balanced equation has equal atom numbers on both sides.
- The activity series is relevant for single replacement reactions, not double replacement ones.
- Carbon dioxide and water are produced from the combustion of hydrocarbons like hexane.
Key Vocabulary
- Coefficients are numbers used to balance chemical equations.
- Reactants are substances undergoing change, while products are the resulting substances.
- A balanced equation has equal numbers of atoms for each element on both sides, while a skeleton equation lacks balance.
Truth Statements
- Bonds between atoms are broken and reformed during reactions.
- New atoms are not formed as products in chemical reactions.
- Final substances are called products, not reactants.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge of chemical reactions with these flashcards. Learn key terms such as reactants, products, and the law of conservation of mass. Perfect for exam preparation in chemistry.
