Questions and Answers
What are the substances that undergo a chemical change called?
reactants
What are the new substances formed in a chemical reaction called?
products
In accordance with the law of conservation of _____, a chemical equation must be balanced.
mass
When balancing an equation, you place _____ in front of reactants and products.
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An equation must never be balanced by changing the _____ in the chemical formula of a substance.
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What is the symbol for a liquid?
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What is the symbol for a solid?
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What is the symbol for a gas?
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What does (aq) denote in a chemical equation?
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What is it possible to do with the products of some chemical reactions?
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What type of reaction involves two or more elements and/or compounds with a single product?
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What type of reaction involves a single compound being broken down into simpler substances?
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In a single replacement reaction, what do the reactants typically involve?
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What can be used to predict whether most single-replacement reactions will take place?
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What type of reaction involves the exchange of ions between two compounds?
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In a double replacement reaction, what type of solution is generally involved?
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What is one of the reactants in a combustion reaction?
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What are the products of the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon?
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In an equation, a substance is shown to be in the gaseous state by placing an upward-pointing arrow after its formula.
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Atoms are destroyed in a chemical reaction.
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A skeleton equation is not a balanced equation.
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In a decomposition reaction, there is a single reactant.
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The activity series of metals can be used to predict products in double replacement reactions.
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Carbon dioxide and water are the products of the combustion of hexane (C6H14).
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A nonmetal can replace another nonmetal from a compound in a single-replacement reaction.
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One of the products of a double-replacement reaction is a gas that bubbles out of the mixture.
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What describes a symbolic way of showing a chemical reaction?
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What is a chemical equation that does not indicate the amounts of substance involved called?
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What are the numbers used to balance a chemical equation called?
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What is an equation called in which each side has the same number of atoms of each element?
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What are the substances that undergo chemical change during a reaction called?
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What are the new substances formed in a chemical reaction called?
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What is a reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a single substance called?
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What is a reaction in which a single compound is broken down into two or more products called?
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What is the reaction in which atoms of one element replace atoms of a second element in a compound called?
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What is the reaction of a compound with oxygen to produce energy called?
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What is a list of metals in order of decreasing reactivity called?
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Bonds between atoms are broken and new bonds are formed during a chemical reaction.
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New atoms are formed as products in a chemical reaction.
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The final substances of a reaction are called reactants.
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Study Notes
Chemical Reactions Overview
- Chemical equations represent chemical reactions, detailing reactants and products.
- Reactants are the substances undergoing change; products are the new substances formed.
Law of Conservation of Mass
- According to this law, mass is conserved in chemical reactions; thus, equations must be balanced.
Balancing Chemical Equations
- Balancing involves placing coefficients in front of reactants and products to ensure equal atom numbers on both sides.
- Subscripts in chemical formulas must not be altered to achieve balance.
Symbols and Notations
- State symbols indicate the physical state of substances: (l) for liquid, (s) for solid, (g) for gas, and (aq) for substances dissolved in water.
Reaction Types
- Synthesis reactions combine two or more reactants to form one product.
- Decomposition reactions break one compound into two or more simpler substances.
- Single replacement reactions involve an element and a compound reacting, where the element replaces an atom in the compound.
- Activity series helps predict the feasibility of single replacement reactions based on metal reactivity.
- Double replacement reactions exchange ions between two ionic compounds, typically in aqueous solutions.
- Combustion reactions involve a hydrocarbon reacting with O2 to produce CO2 and H2O.
Chemical Reaction Misconceptions
- Atoms are not destroyed in reactions; they are rearranged.
- A skeleton equation is an unbalanced equation, whereas a balanced equation has equal atom numbers on both sides.
- The activity series is relevant for single replacement reactions, not double replacement ones.
- Carbon dioxide and water are produced from the combustion of hydrocarbons like hexane.
Key Vocabulary
- Coefficients are numbers used to balance chemical equations.
- Reactants are substances undergoing change, while products are the resulting substances.
- A balanced equation has equal numbers of atoms for each element on both sides, while a skeleton equation lacks balance.
Truth Statements
- Bonds between atoms are broken and reformed during reactions.
- New atoms are not formed as products in chemical reactions.
- Final substances are called products, not reactants.
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Description
Test your knowledge of chemical reactions with these flashcards. Learn key terms such as reactants, products, and the law of conservation of mass. Perfect for exam preparation in chemistry.
