Chemical Reactions and Enzymes

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Questions and Answers

What occurs during a chemical reaction?

Products remain unchanged.

Energy is neither absorbed nor released.

Reactants are combined without breaking any bonds.

Bonds in reactants are broken and new bonds are formed in products. (correct)

Which type of reaction absorbs energy?

Exothermic reaction

Endothermic reaction (correct)

Catalytic reaction

Activation reaction

What is the role of an enzyme in a chemical reaction?

To speed up the reaction by lowering activation energy (correct)

To change the nature of the products formed

To store chemical energy

To eliminate reactants

What term describes the reactants involved in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Substrates Signup and view all the answers

What can happen to an enzyme when it loses its shape?

It becomes denatured Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the active site of an enzyme?

A specific region where substrates bind Signup and view all the answers

How can inhibitors affect an enzyme's activity?

By binding to the active site and blocking substrates Signup and view all the answers

What determines the specificity of an enzyme?

The shape of its active site Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between reactants and products in a chemical reaction?

Reactants enter the reaction; products are the result of the reaction. Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of enzymes allows them to increase the likelihood of a chemical reaction occurring?

They lower the activation energy of the reaction. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an enzyme becomes denatured?

The enzyme's active site loses its specific shape. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

A catalyst speeds up the reaction without being consumed. Signup and view all the answers

How do substrates interact with an enzyme's active site?

They fit together like puzzle pieces. Signup and view all the answers

In what way can pH levels specifically affect enzyme activity?

They alter the shape of the enzyme, affecting its activity. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the relationship between an enzyme and its substrate?

Enzymes only work on specific substrates due to shape compatibility. Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of inhibitors on enzyme-catalyzed reactions?

Inhibitors compete for the active site, reducing reaction rates. Signup and view all the answers

Which best describes an exothermic reaction?

It releases energy into the surroundings. Signup and view all the answers

Why is the shape of a protein, such as an enzyme, important?

It enables the enzyme to bind effectively to its specific substrates. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chemical Reactions

Chemical reactions change one set of chemicals into another.
Reactants are the starting materials, while products are the results.
Example: CO₂ + H₂O → H₂CO₃ (reactants → product)
Reactions involve breaking bonds in reactants and forming bonds in products.
Reactions can be categorized as exothermic (release energy) or endothermic (absorb energy).

Enzymes

Enzymes are proteins acting as biological catalysts.
Catalysts speed up reactions by lowering activation energy (needed to start a reaction).
Enzymes are highly specific, typically working with only one reaction.
Enzyme names often reflect the reaction they catalyze (e.g., carbonic anhydrase).
Many enzymes end with "-ase" (e.g., carbonic anhydrase).

Enzyme Action

Reactants (substrates) collide. Enzymes provide a meeting site (active site).
Substrates fit into the active site like puzzle pieces.
Active site shape is crucial for enzyme specificity to the substrate.
After reaction, products are released.

Enzyme Factors

Enzymes can be affected by pH and temperature.
Extreme conditions can cause enzymes to lose shape (denature).
Inhibitors compete for the active site, blocking normal substrate.

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Description

Explore the fascinating world of chemical reactions and the vital role enzymes play as biological catalysts. This quiz covers the basics of reactants and products, the energy dynamics of reactions, and the specificity of enzymes. Test your knowledge on how these elements interact and function in biochemical processes.