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Questions and Answers
What are the substances that react in a chemical reaction called?
What are the substances that react in a chemical reaction called?
A chemical change occurs when new chemical substances are formed.
A chemical change occurs when new chemical substances are formed.
True
What is produced in a chemical reaction when reactants combine?
What is produced in a chemical reaction when reactants combine?
products
In the reaction A + B → C + D, the substances C and D are called __________.
In the reaction A + B → C + D, the substances C and D are called __________.
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The line of best fit in a scatter graph can only be straight.
The line of best fit in a scatter graph can only be straight.
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What does the small '2' indicate in the water molecule formula H2O?
What does the small '2' indicate in the water molecule formula H2O?
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What must be indicated on the labels of each axis in a graph?
What must be indicated on the labels of each axis in a graph?
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The formula for magnesium hydroxide is Mg(OH)4.
The formula for magnesium hydroxide is Mg(OH)4.
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The origin of a graph is where the x and y axes meet at ______.
The origin of a graph is where the x and y axes meet at ______.
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What is the relative formula mass (Mr) of one molecule of H2O?
What is the relative formula mass (Mr) of one molecule of H2O?
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The chemical formula for ethane is C______H______.
The chemical formula for ethane is C______H______.
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Match the graph elements with their definitions:
Match the graph elements with their definitions:
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Match the following formulas with their respective compounds:
Match the following formulas with their respective compounds:
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Which of the following is a common factor used for graph scales?
Which of the following is a common factor used for graph scales?
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How many total atoms are there in two molecules of water (2H2O)?
How many total atoms are there in two molecules of water (2H2O)?
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What is the purpose of using a line of best fit in a scatter graph?
What is the purpose of using a line of best fit in a scatter graph?
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In the formula Mg(OH)2, the big '2' only affects the magnesium atom.
In the formula Mg(OH)2, the big '2' only affects the magnesium atom.
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If a compound has the formula 2Mg(OH)2, how many total oxygen atoms are present?
If a compound has the formula 2Mg(OH)2, how many total oxygen atoms are present?
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Study Notes
Chemical Reactions
- A chemical reaction is the interaction of substances to create new substances.
- Reactants are the substances that interact/react.
- Products are the substances that are created/made.
- Example: A + B → C + D ("A plus B reacts to form C plus D")
Chemical Change vs. Physical Change
- Chemical change: A reaction occurs, and new chemical substances are created. Example: Rusting of iron
- Physical change: No new chemical substances are made. Example: Water molecules changing state.
Compound Formulae
Compound Formulae 1
- The small number indicates the number of atoms of an element.
- A water molecule (H₂O): Two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
- Two capital letters in a compound formula indicate two elements.
Compound Formulae 2
- "Big numbers" at the start of a formula represent the number of molecules.
- Two water molecules (2H₂O): Four hydrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms.
Compound Formulae with Brackets
- Anything outside brackets is not affected.
- Multiply everything inside brackets by the number outside the brackets.
- Example: Mg(OH)₂ : One magnesium atom, two oxygen atoms and two hydrogen atoms.
- Example: 2Mg(OH)₂: Two magnesium atom, four oxygen atoms, four hydrogen atoms.
Compound Formulae Examples
- Show different ways of expressing the number of atoms in a compound, using compound formula or diagrams.
- Ex: Mg(NO₃)₂ and 3Mg(NO₃)₂
- Demonstrate how to determine the number of atoms in a compound formula given the formula
Relative Formula Mass
- Mr (relative formula mass): Calculate using atomic masses of elements to determine the total mass of a compound.
- Example: H₂O = (2 x 1) + (1 x 16) = 18.
- Similar idea for a compound in brackets; calculate the total atomic mass.
Naming Compounds
Naming Compounds (Words)
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Group 7 elements' ending changes to -ide
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Group 6 elements' ending changes to -ide
-
When two different elements are involved : Suffixes of the second element in a compound change when more than two elements are combined, for ex : Carbon and oxygen carbonate, Sulfur and oxygen sulfate, Nitrogen and oxygen Nitrate, Hydrogen and oxygen Hydroxide
Naming Compounds (Chemical Formulae)
- Naming a compound from a chemical formula, converting the formula into a meaningful name with the appropriate prefixes. Example: NaF sodium fluoride
Chemical Word and Symbol Equations
- Chemical Word Equations: Reactants → Products (words instead of symbols)
- Chemical Symbol Equations: Reactants → Products (using chemical symbols)
Scatter Graphs
- Graph with data points plotted, typically used to show relationship between two variables.
- Careful scale selection: Use multiples of 10 for better visualization. Avoid use of 3, 6, or 9 on graphs scales to simplify read ability.
- Points plotted with 'x': Display data plotted on graphs
- Line of Best Fit: The best approximation of the trend, often straight or curved.
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of chemical reactions and the differences between chemical and physical changes. This quiz covers essential concepts such as reactants, products, and the structure of compound formulae. Test your understanding of these fundamental chemistry topics.
