Chemical Reaction Rate Factors
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Questions and Answers

What is the first step in balancing a chemical equation?

  • Balancing hydrogen and oxygen atoms
  • Balancing each atom individually
  • Converting a word chemical equation into a formula (correct)
  • Counting the atoms on both sides

Which type of reaction absorbs heat from the surroundings?

  • Exothermic reactions
  • Redox reactions
  • Spontaneous reactions
  • Endothermic reactions (correct)

What is the fundamental quantity used to explain endothermic and exothermic reactions?

  • Gibbs free energy
  • Entropy
  • Enthalpy (correct)
  • Activation energy

Which type of particles contain the least amount of kinetic energy?

<p>Solid particles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are gas particles described in terms of their motion according to the Kinetic Molecular Theory?

<p>They move randomly and have no attraction toward other gas molecules or their container (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key factor to identify whether a process is endothermic or exothermic?

<p>Temperature change of the immediate surroundings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which law describes the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature?

<p>Boyle's law (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which phase do molecules have little to no attraction between each other?

<p>Gas phase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What group do the noble gases belong to in the periodic table?

<p>Group 18 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property of the noble gases increases as you go down the group?

<p>Atomic radius (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common physical property of noble gases?

<p>Low boiling points (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about the chemical formulas of compounds?

<p>They display the ratio of atoms from different elements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do molecules contain?

<p>Atoms bonded together that can be from the same or different elements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of formula shows the simplest ratio of atoms in a chemical compound?

<p>Empirical formula (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are noble gases often used in light sources?

<p>Because they are nonflammable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which noble gases are used in the medical industry?

<p>Xenon and radon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of noble gases?

<p>They have a complete outer valence of electrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the molecular formula represent?

<p>The ratio of atoms present in a compound (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation used to measure the rate of a chemical reaction?

<p>Change in concentration divided by time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does increasing the concentration of reactants affect the rate of a reaction?

<p>Speeds up the rate by providing more molecules to collide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the rate of a reaction when you lower the concentration of reactants?

<p>It decreases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does increasing the available surface area of reactants affect the rate of a reaction?

<p>Increases the rate by providing more space for molecules to collide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does a catalyst play in a chemical reaction?

<p>Catalysts speed up reactions by lowering activation energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Antoine Lavoisier's work, what happens to mass during a chemical reaction?

<p>Mass neither created nor destroyed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as a boundary in a System-Surroundings setup?

<p>The perimeter that separates a System from its Surroundings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of system allows movement of matter and energy across its boundary?

<p>Open System (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a balanced chemical equation ensure according to the law of conservation of matter?

<p>Equal number of atoms for each element on reactant and product side (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the presence of a catalyst do in terms of activation energy?

<p>Lowers activation energy needed at start of reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of formula includes the subscripts representing how many of certain atoms from an element occur within a group?

<p>Condensed formula (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of change only alters the way something looks, not its identity?

<p>Physical change (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required to be met in order for a reaction to go to completion?

<p>Activation energy requirements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the signals that show a chemical reaction is likely taking place?

<p>Color changes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a physical change?

<p>Skin tanning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens in cellular respiration?

<p>Glucose is converted into energy molecules and waste products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves using a forced electric current through a solution to catalyze a reaction to oxidize/reduce?

<p>Electrolysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do chemical reactions occur according to collision theory?

<p>When molecules collide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether a chemical reaction has taken place or not?

<p>The products in relation to the reactants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between condensed and structural formulas?

<p>Condensed formulas do not show bonds while structural formulas do (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of noble gases allows them to be used in the creation of light sources?

<p>Complete outer valence of electrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property of noble gases decreases as you go down the group?

<p>Melting points (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of formulas show the simplest ratio of atoms from different elements in a chemical compound?

<p>Empirical formulas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which group of the periodic table are the noble gases located?

<p>Group 18 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do chemical compounds contain?

<p>Atoms bonded together (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of formulas use subscripts to represent the number of atoms of each element in a compound?

<p>Molecular formulas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of noble gases?

<p>Complete outer valence of electrons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular formula used to represent in a chemical compound?

<p>Symbols of elements and number of atoms present in each compound (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do molecules contain?

<p>Atoms bonded together (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formula type represents the simplest ratio of atoms in a chemical compound?

<p>Empirical formulas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation used to measure the rate of a chemical reaction?

<p>Change in concentration divided by time (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a catalyst do in terms of activation energy?

<p>Decreases the activation energy required (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of closed systems in chemistry?

<p>To prevent any movement across its boundary (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether a chemical reaction has taken place or not?

<p>A change in mass (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a System-Surroundings setup, what does the Boundary of a System separate?

<p>System from Surroundings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of noble gases?

<p>Complete valence electron shells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In calorimetry, what do closed containers known as calorimeters evaluate?

<p>Changes in energy of a system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What replaced the phlogiston theory regarding the mass changes during burning?

<p>'The law of conservation of matter' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an Open System defined by?

<p>A boundary permitting both matter and energy movement across it (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do noble gases have that contributes to their stability?

<p>Complete valence electron shells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of formula includes drawing lines between atoms to show bonds?

<p>Structural formula (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic distinguishes condensed formulas from structural formulas?

<p>Condensed formulas include subscripts representing atom counts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a physical change and a chemical change?

<p>Chemical changes alter the chemical properties of substances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chemical reaction type is crucial for breaking down glucose into usable energy molecules?

<p>Digestion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What signals indicate a chemical reaction is likely taking place?

<p>Formation of gas bubbles and a color change (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chemical reaction example involves using oxygen to change a fuel into usable energy?

<p>Combustion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the chemical composition of products in a chemical reaction?

<p>It is entirely new compared to reactants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Collision theory' explains that chemical reactions occur due to the collisions of:

<p>Molecules of each reactant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Activation energy requirements must be met in order for a reaction to go to completion' implies that:

<p>'Activation energy' prompts the reaction to start and continue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Cellular respiration is absolutely necessary for all life processes.' This statement implies that:

<p>'Cellular respiration' is vital for energy production in living organisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step to balancing a chemical equation?

<p>Change a word chemical equation into a formula (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of reaction absorbs heat from the surroundings?

<p>Melting of ice (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

<p>Lowers the activation energy barrier (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true about gas particles according to the Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)?

<p>They move in random, constant motion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes the motion of solid particles according to the Kinetic Molecular Theory?

<p>Very little kinetic energy and strong attractive forces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which law describes the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature?

<p>Boyle's Law (P1V1=P2V2) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Endothermic processes make the surroundings cooler". Why is this statement true?

<p>&quot;Endothermic processes absorb heat&quot; (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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