Chemical Reaction Rate Factors
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Questions and Answers

What is the first step in balancing a chemical equation?

  • Balancing hydrogen and oxygen atoms
  • Balancing each atom individually
  • Converting a word chemical equation into a formula (correct)
  • Counting the atoms on both sides

    • Which type of reaction absorbs heat from the surroundings?

  • Exothermic reactions
  • Redox reactions
  • Spontaneous reactions
  • Endothermic reactions (correct)

    • What is the fundamental quantity used to explain endothermic and exothermic reactions?

  • Gibbs free energy
  • Entropy
  • Enthalpy (correct)
  • Activation energy

    • Which type of particles contain the least amount of kinetic energy?

    <p>Solid particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are gas particles described in terms of their motion according to the Kinetic Molecular Theory?

    <p>They move randomly and have no attraction toward other gas molecules or their container</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key factor to identify whether a process is endothermic or exothermic?

    <p>Temperature change of the immediate surroundings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which law describes the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature?

    <p>Boyle's law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which phase do molecules have little to no attraction between each other?

    <p>Gas phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What group do the noble gases belong to in the periodic table?

    <p>Group 18</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property of the noble gases increases as you go down the group?

    <p>Atomic radius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common physical property of noble gases?

    <p>Low boiling points</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about the chemical formulas of compounds?

    <p>They display the ratio of atoms from different elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do molecules contain?

    <p>Atoms bonded together that can be from the same or different elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of formula shows the simplest ratio of atoms in a chemical compound?

    <p>Empirical formula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are noble gases often used in light sources?

    <p>Because they are nonflammable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which noble gases are used in the medical industry?

    <p>Xenon and radon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of noble gases?

    <p>They have a complete outer valence of electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the molecular formula represent?

    <p>The ratio of atoms present in a compound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation used to measure the rate of a chemical reaction?

    <p>Change in concentration divided by time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does increasing the concentration of reactants affect the rate of a reaction?

    <p>Speeds up the rate by providing more molecules to collide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the rate of a reaction when you lower the concentration of reactants?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does increasing the available surface area of reactants affect the rate of a reaction?

    <p>Increases the rate by providing more space for molecules to collide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does a catalyst play in a chemical reaction?

    <p>Catalysts speed up reactions by lowering activation energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Antoine Lavoisier's work, what happens to mass during a chemical reaction?

    <p>Mass neither created nor destroyed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is defined as a boundary in a System-Surroundings setup?

    <p>The perimeter that separates a System from its Surroundings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of system allows movement of matter and energy across its boundary?

    <p>Open System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a balanced chemical equation ensure according to the law of conservation of matter?

    <p>Equal number of atoms for each element on reactant and product side</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the presence of a catalyst do in terms of activation energy?

    <p>Lowers activation energy needed at start of reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of formula includes the subscripts representing how many of certain atoms from an element occur within a group?

    <p>Condensed formula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of change only alters the way something looks, not its identity?

    <p>Physical change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to be met in order for a reaction to go to completion?

    <p>Activation energy requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the signals that show a chemical reaction is likely taking place?

    <p>Color changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a physical change?

    <p>Skin tanning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens in cellular respiration?

    <p>Glucose is converted into energy molecules and waste products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves using a forced electric current through a solution to catalyze a reaction to oxidize/reduce?

    <p>Electrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When do chemical reactions occur according to collision theory?

    <p>When molecules collide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines whether a chemical reaction has taken place or not?

    <p>The products in relation to the reactants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between condensed and structural formulas?

    <p>Condensed formulas do not show bonds while structural formulas do</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of noble gases allows them to be used in the creation of light sources?

    <p>Complete outer valence of electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property of noble gases decreases as you go down the group?

    <p>Melting points</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of formulas show the simplest ratio of atoms from different elements in a chemical compound?

    <p>Empirical formulas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which group of the periodic table are the noble gases located?

    <p>Group 18</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do chemical compounds contain?

    <p>Atoms bonded together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of formulas use subscripts to represent the number of atoms of each element in a compound?

    <p>Molecular formulas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of noble gases?

    <p>Complete outer valence of electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molecular formula used to represent in a chemical compound?

    <p>Symbols of elements and number of atoms present in each compound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do molecules contain?

    <p>Atoms bonded together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which formula type represents the simplest ratio of atoms in a chemical compound?

    <p>Empirical formulas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation used to measure the rate of a chemical reaction?

    <p>Change in concentration divided by time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a catalyst do in terms of activation energy?

    <p>Decreases the activation energy required</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of closed systems in chemistry?

    <p>To prevent any movement across its boundary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines whether a chemical reaction has taken place or not?

    <p>A change in mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a System-Surroundings setup, what does the Boundary of a System separate?

    <p>System from Surroundings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of noble gases?

    <p>Complete valence electron shells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In calorimetry, what do closed containers known as calorimeters evaluate?

    <p>Changes in energy of a system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What replaced the phlogiston theory regarding the mass changes during burning?

    <p>'The law of conservation of matter'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an Open System defined by?

    <p>A boundary permitting both matter and energy movement across it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do noble gases have that contributes to their stability?

    <p>Complete valence electron shells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of formula includes drawing lines between atoms to show bonds?

    <p>Structural formula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic distinguishes condensed formulas from structural formulas?

    <p>Condensed formulas include subscripts representing atom counts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a physical change and a chemical change?

    <p>Chemical changes alter the chemical properties of substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical reaction type is crucial for breaking down glucose into usable energy molecules?

    <p>Digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What signals indicate a chemical reaction is likely taking place?

    <p>Formation of gas bubbles and a color change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical reaction example involves using oxygen to change a fuel into usable energy?

    <p>Combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the chemical composition of products in a chemical reaction?

    <p>It is entirely new compared to reactants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Collision theory' explains that chemical reactions occur due to the collisions of:

    <p>Molecules of each reactant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Activation energy requirements must be met in order for a reaction to go to completion' implies that:

    <p>'Activation energy' prompts the reaction to start and continue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Cellular respiration is absolutely necessary for all life processes.' This statement implies that:

    <p>'Cellular respiration' is vital for energy production in living organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step to balancing a chemical equation?

    <p>Change a word chemical equation into a formula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of reaction absorbs heat from the surroundings?

    <p>Melting of ice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

    <p>Lowers the activation energy barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about gas particles according to the Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)?

    <p>They move in random, constant motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the motion of solid particles according to the Kinetic Molecular Theory?

    <p>Very little kinetic energy and strong attractive forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which law describes the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature?

    <p>Boyle's Law (P1V1=P2V2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Endothermic processes make the surroundings cooler". Why is this statement true?

    <p>&quot;Endothermic processes absorb heat&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

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