General Chemistry 2 - First Semester (2nd Periodical)
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the correct expression for the rate law of a chemical reaction?

  • Rate = k [A]ˣ/[B]ʸ
  • Rate = k [A]ˣ[B]ʸ/C
  • Rate = k [A]ˣ[B]ʸ (correct)
  • Rate = k [A]ˣ[B]ʸ²

    • What does the value of x and y represent in the rate law expression?

  • The activation energy of the reaction
  • The rate constant of the reaction
  • The order of the reaction with respect to reactants A and B (correct)
  • The stoichiometric coefficients of reactants A and B

    • How can the values of x and y be determined experimentally?

  • By measuring the activation energy of the reaction
  • By comparing the initial rates of the reaction with different concentrations of reactants A and B (correct)
  • By monitoring the change in pH of the solution
  • By calculating the rate constant of the reaction

    • What is the rate constant of a reaction?

    <p>The specific rate of reaction dependent on the kind of reaction and temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors can affect the rate of a chemical reaction?

    <p>Activation energy, nature of reactants, catalysts, and temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct expression for the rate law of the hypothetical reaction A(g) + 3B(g) ---> products?

    <p>Rate = k [A]ˣ[B]ʸ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of x in the rate law expression for the hypothetical reaction A(g) + 3B(g) ---> products?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of y in the rate law expression for the hypothetical reaction A(g) + 3B(g) ---> products?

    <p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rate constant (k) for the hypothetical reaction A(g) + 3B(g) ---> products?

    <p>2.5x10⁶ M-²/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following observable properties can be used to determine the rate of a chemical reaction?

    <p>Color change during the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct expression for the rate law of the hypothetical reaction A(g) + 3B(g) ightarrow ext{products}?$

    <p>Rate = k[A]ˣ[B]ʸ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of x in the rate law expression for the hypothetical reaction A(g) + 3B(g) ightarrow ext{products}?$

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of y in the rate law expression for the hypothetical reaction A(g) + 3B(g) ightarrow ext{products}?$

    <p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which formula is used to calculate the Gibbs free energy?

    <p>ΔG = ΔH - TΔS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a negative value of ΔG indicate?

    <p>The process is spontaneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of ΔG at 298 K (25°C) in the given example?

    <p>-21.68 kJ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of ΔG at 2000 K in the given example?

    <p>42.67 kJ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between entropy (S) and the second law of thermodynamics?

    <p>Spontaneous processes occur with an increase in entropy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the given information, which of the following is the correct expression for the Gibbs free energy?

    <p>$ΔG = ΔH - TΔS$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the given example, what is the value of ΔH for the reaction?

    <p>-41.17 kJ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the given information, at what temperature (in K) is the reaction spontaneous?

    <p>298 K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct equilibrium constant expression for the reaction between gaseous sulfur dioxide and oxygen?

    <p>$K = \frac{[SO_3]^2}{[SO_2]^2[O_2]}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the equilibrium concentrations of SO₂, O₂, and SO₃ in the given reaction mixture?

    <p>$[SO_2] = 3.0×10^{-3}M, [O_2] = 3.5×10^{-3}M, [SO_3] = 5.0×10^{-2}M$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equilibrium constant, K, for the given reaction mixture?

    <p>$K = 5.8×10^3$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equilibrium constant, Kp, for the given reaction mixture at 800 K?

    <p>$Kp = K(RT)^{\Delta n}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equilibrium concentration of acetic acid, CH₃COOH, in the given reaction mixture?

    <p>$[CH_3COOH] = 0.333 M$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct equilibrium constant expression for the reaction between gaseous sulfur dioxide and oxygen?

    <p>K = [SO₂][O₂]/[SO₃]</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equilibrium constant, K, for the given reaction mixture at 800 K?

    <p>K = 1.67 × 10⁻⁴</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equilibrium concentration of acetic acid, CH₃COOH, in the given reaction mixture?

    <p>0.333 M</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of ΔG at 298 K (25°C) in the given example?

    <p>ΔG = -RTlnK</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a negative value of ΔG indicate?

    <p>The reaction is spontaneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct equilibrium constant expression for the reaction between gaseous sulfur dioxide and oxygen?

    <p>[K = \frac{{[SO_3]^2}},{{[SO_2]^2[O_2]}}]</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equilibrium constant, K, for the given reaction mixture at 800 K?

    <p>[K = \frac{{(0.667)^2}},{{(0.333)^2(0.333)}}]</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equilibrium concentration of acetic acid, CH₃COOH, in the given reaction mixture?

    <p>0.333 M</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equilibrium concentration of ethanol, C₂H₅OH, in the given reaction mixture?

    <p>0.333 M</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equilibrium concentration of ethyl acetate, C₂H₅OOCCH₃, in the given reaction mixture?

    <p>0.667 M</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct equilibrium constant expression for the reaction between gaseous sulfur dioxide and oxygen at 800 K?

    <p>[K = \frac{{[SO₂]^2[O₂]}},{{[SO₃]^2}}]</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equilibrium constant, K, for the reaction between gaseous sulfur dioxide and oxygen at 800 K, based on the given equilibrium concentrations?

    <p>[K = 2.86 \times 10^{-2}]</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equilibrium constant, Kp, for the reaction between gaseous sulfur dioxide and oxygen at 800 K, based on the given equilibrium concentrations?

    <p>[Kp = 5.0 \times 10^{-2}]</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Rate Law Expression

    • The rate law expression for a chemical reaction is: rate = k[A]^x[B]^y
    • x and y represent the exponents of reactants A and B, respectively, which determine the reaction rate
    • The values of x and y can be determined experimentally by measuring the reaction rate at different concentrations of reactants

    Rate Constant

    • The rate constant (k) is a constant that depends on the reaction mechanism and is independent of reactant concentrations
    • The rate constant is specific to a particular reaction and temperature

    Factors Affecting Reaction Rate

    • The rate of a chemical reaction can be affected by factors such as temperature, concentration, surface area, and catalysts

    Hypothetical Reaction A(g) + 3B(g) ---> products

    • The rate law expression for this reaction is: rate = k[A]^x[B]^y
    • The value of x in the rate law expression is unknown and must be determined experimentally
    • The value of y in the rate law expression is unknown and must be determined experimentally

    Determining Reaction Rate

    • Observable properties such as changes in concentration, pressure, or color can be used to determine the rate of a chemical reaction

    Gibbs Free Energy

    • The formula to calculate the Gibbs free energy is: ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
    • A negative value of ΔG indicates that the reaction is spontaneous
    • The value of ΔG at 298 K (25°C) and 2000 K can be calculated using the given formula

    Entropy and Second Law of Thermodynamics

    • Entropy (S) is related to the disorder or randomness of a system
    • The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of a closed system will always increase over time

    Equilibrium Constant Expression

    • The equilibrium constant expression for the reaction between gaseous sulfur dioxide and oxygen is: K = [SO₃]^2 / [SO₂]^2[O₂]
    • The equilibrium constant expression for the reaction between gaseous sulfur dioxide and oxygen at 800 K is: Kp = (P_SO₃)^2 / (P_SO₂)^2(P_O₂)

    Equilibrium Concentrations

    • The equilibrium concentrations of SO₂, O₂, and SO₃ in the given reaction mixture can be calculated using the equilibrium constant expression
    • The equilibrium concentration of acetic acid, CH₃COOH, in the given reaction mixture can be calculated using the equilibrium constant expression
    • The equilibrium concentration of ethanol, C₂H₅OH, and ethyl acetate, C₂H₅OOCCH₃, in the given reaction mixture can be calculated using the equilibrium constant expression

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    Test your knowledge of chemical kinetics with this quiz! Explore the factors that influence reaction rates, understand the collision theory, and differentiate between zero, first, and second-order reactions. Perfect for those looking to deepen their understanding of molecular collisions and reaction kinetics.

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