CHEM 155 Lecture 4: Chemical Kinetics in Physical Chemistry
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Questions and Answers

What is the branch of physical chemistry that deals with the rate of reactions?

  • Chemical Kinetics (correct)
  • Chemical Equilibrium
  • Thermodynamics
  • Quantum Mechanics

Why are average rates sometimes not useful in chemical kinetics?

  • They are too complex to calculate accurately
  • They do not consider the factors influencing reaction rates
  • They only focus on the beginning of a reaction
  • They cover a large time interval where the reaction rate changes significantly (correct)

What is an elementary reaction in chemistry?

  • A reaction influenced by catalysts
  • A reaction that occurs in multiple steps
  • A simple reaction that happens in a single step (correct)
  • A reaction that involves high temperatures

What does the term 'molecularity' refer to in chemical kinetics?

<p>The total number of molecules involved in the reaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does not influence the rate of a reaction according to chemical kinetics?

<p>Volume (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of a reaction does the order of reaction in chemical kinetics describe?

<p>The relationship between reactant concentrations and reaction rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecularity of an elementary reaction defined as?

<p>The number of reactant molecules involved in a reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step in a reaction is usually considered the rate-determining step?

<p>The slowest step (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can the molecularity of a complex reaction be determined by looking at the overall reaction?

<p>No, it is impossible to determine from the overall reaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In consecutive reactions, what role does the product formed in one elementary reaction play?

<p>It becomes a reactant for another elementary reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In parallel or side reactions, how many paths do the reacting substances typically follow?

<p>Many paths leading to different products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the speed at which a reaction can proceed?

<p>The slowest step in the mechanism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the situation when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the backward reaction?

<p>Chemical equilibrium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a zero order reaction, what is the relationship between the rate and the concentration of reactants?

<p>Rate is constant and independent of the concentration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe reactions where the products formed also react to give back the reactants?

<p>Reversible reactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the half-life of a reaction?

<p>It shows how long it takes for half of the reaction to be completed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a first order reaction, what is true about its half-life?

<p>Remains constant at all concentrations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be said about the molecularity and order in an elementary reaction?

<p>Molecularity and order are equal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required for a chemical reaction to take place according to the collision theory?

<p>Proper orientation and sufficient kinetic energy of colliding molecules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the energy for bond breaking in a chemical reaction come from?

<p>Energy from the kinetic energy of reacting molecules before collision (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct orientation of colliding molecules for a successful reaction?

<p>Orientation that ensures direct contact between atoms involved in bond breaking and forming (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory assumes that simply a collision between reactant molecules does not cause a reaction?

<p>Transition state theory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the rate of a chemical reaction depend on according to the text?

<p>Rate constant (k) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of activation energy in the Arrhenius equation?

<p>To speed up the reaction by providing a threshold energy barrier (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is formed during a collision between reactant molecules?

<p>Transition state (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the fast approaching reactant molecules during a collision?

<p>Slow down due to electron cloud repulsion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the activated complex also known as?

<p>Transition state (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the B-C bond when a partial bond forms between atoms A and B?

<p>Weakens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the potential energy of the products is greater than that of the reactants, what can be said about the reaction?

<p>Endothermic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference in potential energy between the reactants and the activated complex called?

<p>Activation energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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