Chemical Properties of Common Metal Compounds

Magnesium Trisilicate

• Antacid with adsorbent and protective properties
• Emulsifying agent

Cupric Sulfate

• "Blue vitriol" or "blue stone"
• Component of Fehling's solutions and Benedict's solution, which are used to detect reducing sugars
• Emetic
• Antidote for phosphorus poisoning

Cupric Acetate and Acetic Acid

• Components of Barfoed's reagent, which is used to test for reducing sugars

Basic Cupric Acetate

• "Green verdigris"

Cupric Hydrogen Arsenite

• "Scheele's mineral, Swedish Green"

Cupric Acetoarsenite

• "Paris Green, Parrot Green"
• Insecticide

Cupric Sulfate and Calcium Oxide

• "Bordeaux mixture"
• Algaecide and fungicide for swimming pools

Asbestos

• Fibrous minerals and poor heat conductors

Talc

• Native hydrated magnesium silicate
• Filtering agent

Group IB – The Coinage Metals

• Composed of Copper (Cu), Silver (Ag), and Gold (Au)
• Employed for ornamental and coinage purposes
• Known as “Noble metals”
• Occur free in nature
• Chemically inert
• Slowly oxidized in air
• Malleable and ductile
• Best metals for electrical conductivity (Ag > Cu > Au)
• Best metals for heat conductivity (Ag > Au > Cu)
• Possess oligodynamic effect, which is the toxic effect of metals on microbes

Copper

• Latin name Cuprum, from “Cyprus” where many ores are mined
• Red metal
• Cu+2 salts are blue to emerald green in non-luminous flame

Silver

• Latin name Argentum, "shining"
• White metal with metallic luster
• Ag+ Ion
• Protein precipitant
• Colloidal silver preparations are antiseptic and astringent
• Irritant, corrosive
• Argyria is a condition that causes skin darkening due to long-term use of silver preparations
• Chrysotherapy is the treatment of diseases (especially RA) with gold compounds
• Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) include gold-based compounds

Silver Nitrate

• Eye antiseptic for newborn babies
• Silver nitrate pencil, also known as Lunar caustic or Toughened silver nitrate
• Ammoniacal silver nitrate solution, also known as Howe's solution

Mild Silver Protein

• "Mild protargin"
• Mild antiseptic
• Brands: Silvol, Argyrol

Strong Protein Silver

• "Strong protargin"
• Stronger antiseptic action than mild silver protein
• Brand: Protargol

Colloidal Silver Chloride

• Antiseptic

Colloidal Silver Iodide

• Antiseptic

Silver Sulfadiazine

• Prophylaxis and treatment of infections in burn wounds

Silver Bromide

• Antiseptic
• Used in photography

Silver Oxide

• CO absorbent

Silver Picrate

• Picragol, Picrotol
• Antiseptic

Gold

• Latin name Aurum, "shining dawn, aurora"
• "King of all metals"
• Used in gilding and plating, dental crowns, bridges, and inlays (gold leaf)
• Sodium aurothiomalate is a commonly used gold-based DMARD
• Auranofin is an orally available gold drug for RA
• Gold-198 is a radioactive isotope used for anticancer treatment
• Gold and sodium thiosulfate complex is used intravenously to treat lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis

Group IIB - The Zinc Group

• Composed of Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), and Mercury (Hg)

Zinc

• Bivalent (+2)
• Burns with a bluish-white flame
• Used in galvanizing iron to protect it from corrosion and in batteries
• Zn+2 ion is a protein precipitant, astringent, and mild antiseptic
• Used as an adjuvant in insulin preparations to enhance stability

Zinc Oxide

• "Zinc white" or "Chinese white"
• Antiseptic and astringent
• Used as an ointment or dusting powder to treat eczema, psoriasis, and pruritis
• Used in the manufacture of adhesive tape and as a paint pigment

Zinc Oxide Paste

• Lassar's plain zinc paste
• Unna's hard zinc paste

Medicinal Zinc Peroxide

• Used to control surgical infections due to anaerobic bacteria

Zinc Stearate

• Used as a dusting powder, antiseptic, and astringent

Zinc Sulfate

• Heptahydrate is known as "White vitriol"
• Emetic and astringent
• Mordant in dye
• Used in White Lotion, which is a mixture of zinc sulfate and potassium sulfide

Cadmium

• Bivalent (+2)
• Used in electroplating for a non-shiny finish and in rust-proofing
• Cd+2 ion has similar action to Zn+2 ion, but more toxic
• Cadmium poisoning can lead to death due to respiratory arrest
• Itai-itai disease is a mass cadmium poisoning event that occurred in Japan

Mercury

• Latin name hydrargyrum, "Liquid silver or quick silver"
• Shining silvery-white liquid metal
• Forms amalgams (alloys) with many metals
• Hydrargyrism is chronic mercury (Hg) poisoning
• Minamata disease is methylmercury poisoning, which occurred in Japan

Pharmaceutical Uses of Mercury

• Elemental Mercury (Quicksilver or Hydrargyrum)
  • Used in the treatment of syphilis and crab-louse infestation
• Mild Mercurial Ointment (Blue Ointment)
  • Contains 9-10% Hg
  • Used as a parasiticide
• Strong Mercurial Ointment (Mercurial Ointment)
  • Contains 47.5-52.5% Hg
  • Used in the treatment of syphilis
• Mercury Mass (Blue Mass, Blue Pill)
  • Cathartic
• Mercury with Chalk
  • Laxative

Ammoniated Mercury

• "White precipitate"
• Used as a dusting powder for the treatment of eczema and parasitic skin diseases

Mercuric Chloride

• "Corrosive sublimate" or "Mercury bichloride"
• Extremely poisonous
• Germicidal
• 0.10% concentration is used as a disinfectant hand wash
• Used in preparing Yellow Lotion (Lotio flava, Yellow wash)

Mercuric Cyanide

• Antiseptic, antisyphilitic

Mercuric Iodide

• When mixed with KI, it forms Mayer's reagent which is used to test for alkaloids

Explore the fascinating properties and uses of various metal compounds including magnesium trisilicate and cupric sulfate. This quiz will test your knowledge on their chemical roles and applications in different scenarios. Ideal for students studying chemistry and metallurgy.