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Questions and Answers
Which essential amino acid is important for immune function, muscle metabolism, and hemoglobin production?
Which essential amino acid helps in the production of hormones, energy, and is vital for calcium function?
Which essential amino acid contributes to tissue growth, metabolism, and helps in mineral absorption?
Which essential amino acid plays a role in collagen and elastin production?
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The reaction of Ninhydrin with amino acids results in the formation of a color. Which color does this reaction typically produce?
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'Xanthoproteic test' is used to detect the presence of which functional group in proteins?
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What is the purpose of using Sanger's reagent (1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene) to react with a free amino group in a peptide chain?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of amino acids in the human body?
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What is the significance of the linear sequence of amino acid residues in a polypeptide chain?
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Which of the following is a nitrogen-containing compound that can be produced from the breakdown of proteins?
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What is the purpose of the Xanthoproteic test?
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What is the purpose of the Ninhydrin reaction in the context of amino acids?
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What is the purpose of the Xanthoproteic test?
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What is the principle behind the Ninhydrin reaction?
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What is the characteristic color observed in the Ninhydrin reaction for most amino acids?
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Which property of amino acids is responsible for their limited solubility in polar organic solvents?
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Which amino acid is unique in being optically inactive?
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Study Notes
Physical Properties of Amino Acids
- Amino acids are colorless or white crystalline solids
- Most amino acids are soluble in water and insoluble in non-polar organic solvents
- Aliphatic and aromatic amino acids have limited solubility in water and are not readily soluble in polar organic solvents
- All amino acids have a high melting point, greater than 200°C
- Amino acids exhibit amphoteric and zwitterion properties
- All amino acids (except glycine) are optically active
Chemical Properties of Amino Acids
- The xanthoproteic test is used to detect aromatic amino acids (tyrosine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine) in a protein solution
- The ninhydrin reaction is used to detect amino acids, forming a purple color (Ruhemann's purple), except for proline and hydroxyproline, which form a yellow color
Significance of Essential Amino Acids
- Histidine is involved in the production of histamine, which plays a role in immune function, digestion, sleep, and sexual function
- Isoleucine is involved in muscle metabolism and immune function, and helps in the production of hemoglobin and regulation of energy
- Leucine helps in protein synthesis and growth, and regulates blood sugar levels
- Lysine is involved in hormone production and energy, and is important for calcium and immune function
- Methionine helps in tissue growth, metabolism, and detoxification, and aids in the absorption of essential minerals
- Phenylalanine is needed for the production of neurotransmitters, including dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine
- Threonine plays an important role in collagen and elastin synthesis
Other Functions of Amino Acids
- Amino acids are crucial for life, serving as building blocks for proteins and peptides
- The sequence of amino acid residues determines the three-dimensional configuration of a protein, which in turn determines its function
- Amino acids are necessary for sustaining human health, promoting the production of hormones, muscle structure, and nervous system function
- Amino acids are used to synthesize proteins and produce nitrogen-containing compounds, or are oxidized to produce energy
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Description
Test your knowledge on the chemical properties of amino acids including solubility, melting point, amphoteric and zwitterion properties, isomerism, and optical activity. Learn about the characteristics that define amino acids.
